Parimala Ranganatha Perumal Temple in Indalur, Mayiladuthurai

Parmila Rangan Perumal Temple:-

Parmila Rangan Perumal Temple is a Pancha Ranga Kshetram. With Adhiseshan on top, Lord Parimala Rangan can be seen in a grand sleeping posture with 4 hands, Goddess Cauvery by the side of his head, to his right and Goddess Ganga by the side of his leg.

Argument between Thiru Mangai Azhvaar and Lord Parimala Rangan:-

The story goes that Lord Parimala Rangan shut the door on ThiruMangai Azhvaar, who had come for his darshan, reasoning that he was late. Upset at this, ThiruMangai Azhvaar gets into an argument with Lord Parimala Ranganathar.

When a friend keeps a thing that we want and does not want to share with us, we typically say ‘ keep it to yourself’ in jest. Similarly, here, with the Lord not allowing Thirumangai Azhvaar an entry into the temple, the Azhvaar asked Parimala Rangan to keep all his beauty to himself and to enjoy it on his own.

ThiruMangai Azhvaar goes on to argue that the world will talk about the Lord in bad light as he shut the door on the Azhvaar. The Lord ignores this comment of the Azhvaar saying that he need not worry about it and that he will take care of any ill feelings.

Despite repeated attempts to impress the Lord to allow him an entry, Parimala Rangan maintains his silence. A dejected and frustratedThiru Mangai Azhvaar decided that he would leave the place as the Lord was stubborn at not allowing Darshan to the Azhvaar.

Thiru Mangai Azhvaar in his Paasuram(1331) says ‘Vaasi Valleer Indhalureer Vazhnthey Pomneerey….’ to mean that ‘ I am leaving, you yourself live here and enjoy life’.

Sensing that Thiru Mangai Azhvaar may leave the place without praising him enough, Lord Parimala Rangan tries to prolong the argument and asks him to sing praise of him. Thiru Mangai Azhvaar replies saying “How can I shower praise on you when you do not allow me to see you”. Lord Parimala Ranga says “ You who have sung praises of other Lords, sitting in your place, do sing praise of me too so I can listen to your sweet songs.” ThiruMangai Azhvaar finally falls for it and composes 10 Paasurams.


Indhu means moon. As perumal received Chandra (Moon) from his curse, this place is known as Indhaloor. Lord Narayana gave dharsan as Vennchudar perumal in the standing posture to the Moon god in Thalaisangaadu. But here at this place he is in Veera Sayanam posture.There he was full of light being as Vyomajyothi piran. But here he is full of fragrance (Parimalam) and hence he is called as Parimala Rangan. He has 4 hands here. River Cauvery is under his feet here. As he promised river Cauvery to increase here status, he made her as his bed at Srirangam, took her as his mother at Thirucherai and here at Thiru Indhaloor, he has taken river Cauvery above his head. Thus gave her the status of river Ganges who is on the head of Lord Shiva.
As the perumal of this place, converted the position of river Cauvery and Lord Chandra into a pious state, Thirumangaialwar calls him as a Brahmin. The vedas were created to instruct rules for human beings to lead a happy life. The Surya and Chandra revolve around the world to give prisperity (like wheels ie Chakra). Hence the vimaana of this place is called as Veda Chakra Vimaanam. Sri Rangam is known as Aadhi Arangam (first) while Thirukudanthai is Madhiya Arangam (Middle) and Thiru Indhaloor is known as Andiya Arangam (Last).

Temple History:-

Being one among the celebrated Divya Desas, the temple with its five tier Rajagopuram is built on a land area measuring 350 feet in length and 230 feet in breadth. Planet Moon got relieved of his curse here after a bath in the sacred spring. Chandra-Moon worships the face of the Lord, Sun the feet and Lord Brahmma the naval. Mother Cauvery worships Perumal on His head side while Mother Ganga His feet. Yama and Ambarishan also worship the Lord at His feet. Mother Cauvery has greater importance in this place than Mother Ganga.

Sri Parimala Ranganatha Perumal Temple (Thiruindhalur), Mayiladuthurai - Divya Desam 23
The history of the temple speaks the greatness of Ekadasi Vrata-fasting, that is the devotee committed to this prayer should spend the whole day only with thoughts of Lord without consuming even a drop of water. King Ambarishan was following this practice meticulously. The devotee should take food only the next day-Dwadasi the 12th day of New Moon or Full moon at an auspicious time. And that was the 100th Ekadasi-Dwadasi for king Ambarisha. People of his country and those in the palace were happy that their king will be completing a century and there were necessary arrangements for the celebrations.

But, people in the celestial world were unhappy because, Ambarishan may be elevated to their status if his 100th fasting went successfully. They did not want to lose their position for a human. They approached Sage Durvasa to undo his fasting and help retaining their positions. The sage, noted for his temperament assured the Devas to help them and came down to earth. By then, the king had finished the Ekadasi fasting. The fasting would become complete only if he took his food before the prescribed time the next day-Dwadasi. If the time ends, the fruits of the fasting also would be lost. The king did not know that the sage had come with an evil plan.

Sri Parimala Ranganatha Perumal Temple (Thiruindhalur), Mayiladuthurai - Divya Desam 23
The king was about to take his food when Sage Durvasa entered his palace. The king was doubly glad to have a guest in Sage Durvasa and requested him to accept his hospitality-dining with him. The sage cunningly told him that he accepted his invitation and would be back to be with him for the lunch after a bath in the river. His plan was to fail the king. The time was fast nearing.

The king was afraid of the curse of the sage if he ate without him. He consulted the pandits in his court. The chief pandit said that if he simply consumes of few drops of water, he would complete the fasting in order. King did this and was waiting for the sage to have the full food.

Knowing this through his powers, Durvasa created a ghost to kill the king. When the ghost began chasing him, Ambarisha sought asylum at Lord’s feet. Perumal looked at the ghost angrily. The ghost began to retreat and disappeared. Realizing the devotion of the king and the power of his fasting, sage Durvasa sought the pardon of the Lord. The sage was pardoned.

When asked by the Lord of his wish after completing 100 Ekadasi fastings, king Ambarisha begged the Lord that He should stay at this place and bless the devotees. Pleased with the king’s request, Lord Vishnu-Perumal is blessing His devotees from this temple as Parimala Ranganathar.

Sri Parimala Ranganatha Perumal Temple (Thiruindhalur), Mayiladuthurai - Divya Desam 23
Another story goes that Chandran (Moon God) fell in love with his preceptor Brihaspati’s wife Tara and eloped with her, in the absence of his Guru. When Brihaspati found his wife missing, he sought the help of Brahmma who asked Tara to return to her husband.

Later, when Tara’s pregnancy came to light, a furious Brihaspati cursed Chandra to deformity saying that the biggest sin of life is to caste one’s eyes on another’s spouse and that Chandran would have to undergo the full severity of the curse for having cast his eyes wrongfully on another's wife.

Another story goes that Dakshan was so taken in by Chandran’s handsome features that he decided to make him the suitor for his 27daughters. However, Chandran was interested only in one of the daughters, Rohini and mockingly ignored the others.

Dakshan found that the handsome looks had made Chandran too arrogant and cursed him to immediately lose his youth and his strong luring features.

Repenting for wrongly casting his eye on another man’s wife, Chandran requested Brihaspati to provide him an opportunity for performing parikara that could help him cleanse his grave sins.

3Phased Parikara: As part of the 3 fold parikara, Chandra undertook penance here at Thiru Indhalur after bathing at the sacred Theertham, invoking the blessings of Lord Vishnu. Answering his prayers, Lord appeared before him and agreed to liberate him from part of the sins.

(The story goes that Chandran went to Thalai Changa Naan Mathiyam, another Divya Desam about 15 East of Thiru Indhalur, where he was fully liberated from his curse and dosham).

Pleased with being partly liberated from his curse, Chandran (another name of Chandran is Indhu) requested that this place be called Indhalur in his memory.

As the temple is noted for its Ekadasi importance, it is suggested that those desirous of undertaking the fasting, may start the practice from this temple.

Temple:-

From the birth of holy river Cauvery to its end, there are five Ranganathars (Pancharangams) on its bank and this temple is one of them; the other four being Srirangapatnam (Karnataka), Srirangam, Koyiladi (Anbil, near Trichy) and Kumbhakonam.
While Srirangam is known as Aadhi Arangam, Kumbakonam as Madhya Arangam, this kshetram is known as Andhiya Arangam.

The moolavar Parimala Ranganathar, an imposing 12 feet long sculpture of green stone, is in a reclining posture with four hands.
The Dwajasthamba mantapam and the Garuda mantapam have exquisitely carved pillars and images of Dasa avatarams. There are sannidhis for Santhana Gopalan, Yoga Narasimhar, Ramar, Anjaneyar, Surya and Chandran.

Worship to Santhana Gopalan in this temple will bless the couple to beget children.

Theertham:-

 Indu (Chandra) pushkarini

Vimanam:-

 Vedachakra Vimanam.

Main Deity:-

 Parimala Ranganathar, Sleeping Posture, East Facing.

Utsavar:-

 Maruviniya Mainthan(also called Sugantha Vana Nathan).

Goddess:-

 Parimala Ranganayaki- Sugantha Naayaki(Separate Sannidhi).

Mangalasaasanam:-

 Thirumangai Azhvaar – 10 Paasurams.

Name Indhalur:-

Chandran (The Moon God) undertook penance here and was liberated, from his curse, by the Lord here. Chandran (another name of Chandran is Indhu) requested that this place be called Indhalur in his memory.

River Cauvery:-

The Lord promised river Cauvery after her prayers and penance to improve here status. He made her as his bed at Srirangam, took her as his mother at Thirucherai and here at Thiru Indhaloor, he has taken river Cauvery above his head. Thus River Cauvery attained the status similar to that of river Ganges who is on the head of Lord Shiva.

Thirumangai alwar called him as a Brahmin, in his hymn as the Sri Parimala Ranganatha Perumal of this temple, converted the position of river Cauvery and Lord Chandra into a pious state. Sri Rangam is known as Aadhi Arangam (first) while Thirukudanthai is Madhiya Arangam (Middle) and Thiru Indhaloor is known as Andiya Arangam (Last).

Reputation:-

Belonging to the 108 Divyadesa temples, this is one with a five-tier tower measuring 350 feet long and 230 feet wide. The Chandra Pushkarani spring is in front of the temple. Planet Moon had a dip in the spring and got relieved of his curse. Chandra the moon worships the face of the Lord; Sun the feet and the naval Brahma. Cauvery worships the head; Ganga, King Ambarisha and Yama the lord of death worship the feet of the Lord here. Cauvery is considered more holy in this place than Ganga.

Temple Timings:-

06:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. and from 05:00 p.m. and 08:30 p.m.

Festivals:-

The Lord comes in procession on the Tamil New Year day, almost falling on April 14 of each year. During the month of Adi (July-August) Adi Pooram is celebrated for 10 days. In Avani month (August-September) a five day celebration is observed for Lord Kannan. Navarathri in Purattasi (September-October), Thula Brahmmotsavam in Ipasi (October-November), 20 days Vaikunda Ekadasi in Margazhi (December-January) Sankranti or Pongal in Thai (January-February), Brahmmotsavam in Panguni (March-April) are the important festivals in the temple. The daily Puja time is 6.30 a.m. to 11.30 a.m. and 5.00 p.m. to 8.30 p.m.

Month Long Festival in Aipasi:-

It is believed that a bath in the Cauvery here during Aipasi is said to be more sacred than bathing at the Ganges. During this month, the temple attracts devotees from across the country.

It is believed that King Ambarish built this temple. There are several beautiful sculptures inside this temple.

Temples in & around Mayiladuthurai :-

Mayooranathar Temple:–

The Mayooranathar Temple, also called the ‘big temple’ is a temple dedicated to Shiva where Thevaram is recited.

Vallalar Temple:–

Vallalar Temple in the northern bank of river Cauvery is a famous Shiva temple known for its Guru shrine.

Ayyarapper Temple:–

Ayyarapper Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva is located at the center of the city. Thula Festival is famous in this temple and it is celebrated in the month of October.

Navagraha temples are situated around this town. There are many famous temples in Mayiladuthurai’s vicinity, most important amongst which is Vaitheeswarankoil. The temple complex is known to house many astrologers employing a method of fortune telling called Nadi Jyothidam. The town also has a Medhaa Dakshinamurthi temple. Other temples of importance include the Sukran Temple and a temple in Tirukkadavur is dedicated to Lord Amirthakadeswarar and Goddess Abirami.

Senthangudi Durga Temple:– 

Durga Temple is also famous and is 2 km from Mayiladuthurai.

Tirupambupuram Temple:–

Tirupambupuram is a very ancient Shiva temple. It is known as Dakshina Kalahasti. It is located near peralam (7 km west).

Thirumanancheri Temple:– 

Thirumanancheri Temple is very famous very near from mayiladuthurai.

Kannagi Temple:–

The Kannagi Temple is in Melaiyur which is located around 24 km from Mayiladuthurai.  Poompuhar is 4 km from Melaiyur.

Punugiswarar Temple:–

The Punugiswarar Temple is dedicated to Lord Siva & consort santha nayaki.Situated at koranad.Workshipped by civet cat.

‘Sri Vanamutti Perumal,Kozhikuthy(located 5 kms outside the town in Kumbakonam Road) near Mayavaram,is a Unique Temple,having its main God Lord Srinivasa Perumal(Fondly “Vaanam-mutti” Perumal-since He kept on Growing) standing for 16 ft. Bold textheight.The most special Feature is that the entire Idol Is carved out of Single Fig Tree with its real roots going underneathItalic text even today.Over the Wood the idol is marvellously coated With Ajanta Paintings which is attractive even today though the Temple is built during Chola Period around 1500 yrs ago.The Temple is a rich source of Architectural Excellence as well as the home of Divine Lord.

Thirupper Nagar - Sri Appakkudathaan Perumal Temple,Tiruchi

Apakudathan Temple:-

The appakudathan temple is one of the 5 rangams along the Cauvery, the others being Srirangapatna, Srirangam, Kumbakonam sarangapani temple and Mayiladurai Indaloor temple. This temple is called the Madhya rangam. Koviladi is in the southern bank of Kollidam and can be reached from Kallanai dam easily and can also be reached from Anbil via Sengariyur and Poondi. For both Tiruchirapalli should be the main starting point. If one goes by a four wheeler, without break at Kallanai, cross the road over the dam and take the route to Koviladi. Only heavy vehicles cannot pass through this road over the dam. Those who take the bus should get down at Kallanai, cross the road over the dam and on reaching the other side, proceed on the road behind the Karikal cholan statue, which is the road leading to Koviladi. The bus stand is nearby and buses from Kallanai to Thirukattupalli via Koviladi, Poondi is to be taken and it is only 10 minutes drive from kallanai. For those, going via Anbil, the route is Lalgudi, Anbil, Sengariyur and Poondi.

This is one of the 108 Divya desams and is also called as Thirupernagar. The Lord is known as Appalarenganathar and Thayar is Kamalavalli. The perumal is in a lying posture on adiseshan and with the left hand bless Indra and chandra and right hand blesses Markendeya Maharishi. A Saligrama garland adorns him. Bhoomadevi is seated at his feet. A little distance away from the right hand is the appakudam, which is fairly large. The Neivedyam of Appam is offered from this kudam every evening. In the garbha graha, there is santhanagopalan.

Those seeking child boon, freedom from fear of death, to develop qualities of humility, for relief from adverse planetary aspects, sins and curses, facing endless problems, pray to Perumal for solutions.

The temple is dedicated to lord Vishnu who is better known as lord Ranganatha here and is one of five such Vishnu temples that are all built on the banks of the river Kaveri collectively known as the Pancharangas. The other temples and sites being the “Sri Ranganatha Swamy Temple in Srirangam”, “the Sarangapani Temple in Kumbakonam”, “Sri Appakkudathan Temple in Trichy” and the “Parimala Ranganatha Perumal Temple in Indalur, Mayiladuthurai”.

Sthala Puranam:-

The Emperuman here in this sthalam says that he will not go out from the hearts of his devotees and as well as from this sthalam. ("Peyarthal means getting out"). So this sthalam is called as "Thirupper Nagar".

Lord Shiva gave Thirupparkadal as milk, when Rishi Ubamanyu was in his childhood crying due to hunger. This is explained in "Siva Puranam".

Thirupparkadal is the place that belongs to Sri Vishnu. But, When Lord Shiva is giving dharshan to his devotee Rishi Ubamanyu, Sri Vishnu is helping him out to give the complete fulfilment of dharshan of Lord Shiva.

To explain more about this, the position of Shri Vishnu in this temple clearly explains how he helped out Lord Shiva. He is giving seva as Ranganathan (In sleeping position) and his right hand is in a position as giving to Rishi Ubamanyu as "Aranga Varadhan" in Kidantha Thirukkolam.
Appam, which is one of the delicious food item done in interior parts of Tamil Nadu. It will be very sweetful if it is taken along with Milk. Sriman Narayanan is giving Appam which is kept inside kudam (A small vessel) which is full of Milk. He is giving this Appam to Ubamanyu Rishi by hugging him along his right hand.

Once when a King called Ubharisaravasu was in penance on Lord Vishnu in a Purasai Forest, Saint Dhurvaasar came by that side. Since Ubharisaravasu was in penance he had not noticed the coming of Saint. Dhurvaasar got angry and cursed him to loose all his strength and power. Ubharisaravasu immediately came to know about it and begged Dhurvaasar to pardon him. Saint Dhurvaasar asked King Ubharisaravasu to go to Palasavana Kshethram near Cauvery River and perform Annadhaanam to 1 Lakh peoples. King immediately left to that place with a battalion of Cook. The population of that place was only few hundreds, so he thought of distributing food to whoever comes to that village. Every Day he was able provide to food for people in thousands. The king was also happy. One Day early morning, an old man came to king and told him that he is very hungry. The king performed his poojas very fast and served food to the old man. The old man ate the complete food prepared for thousands of people and still felt hungry. The king requested the old man to wait for some time to cook again and asked the old man whether he required any snacks in the mean time. The old man asked king to get him Appam in a pot. The Appam was made very fast and king brought it a pot full and gave it to the old man. While eating the Appam old man became Lord Vishnu and removed the curse of king given by Saint Dhurvaasar and laid down there with the pot full of Appam. So the Lord here was called as "Appakkudathaan” and "Appala Ranganathan".

The Good advice given by Sriman Narayanan in this shetram is "There is only one God". So don’t fight for it and avoid Racism.

Since, Lord Emperuman gave Appam to Ubamanyu, the prasadham here for the lord is Appam for evening pooja for Him.

The activity of Sriman Narayanan, who gave the appam was seen in Gnyna Dhirusti of nammalwar who is Thirukkurugoor Biran Sadagopan has compared Thirumaliruncholai and Thiruppernagar and sung 11 paasurams in Thiruvaaimozhi.

In that paasurams, he is explaining how Vishnu is getting out of Thirumaaliruncholai and the way he gives seva to all the people in Thiruppernagar. He has lot of appams in his stomach and gives to all the persons, who are suffering from hunger. Because of this, he doesn't want to get out of Thiruppernagar and sung as "Aara Vayitrinai Adangap Pidithen".

Also, from this shtalam only, Nammalwar started his way to reach Paramapadham.
Thiruvarangam is popularly called as "Periya Kovil". To explain the speciality of Srirangam, here Sriman Narayanan has given the seva as "Appakkundathan". Since, the Sthalam is situated on Cauvery banks and the Lord is in sleeping posture, this place is called as "Kovil Adi". To memorise the situation of Srirangam, the theertham here is Kollidam.

About Temple:-

The temple has inscriptions from the 18th year of the regime of Aditya Chola.The recorded inscriptions in this temple are numbered 283, 300, 301 and 303 of 1901. As per Nammazhwar, the place was home to Vedic scholars of he time. The inscriptions in the temple indicate donations to build the main hall. During the Anglo-French war in the regions surrounding Tiruchirapalli, Koviladi was one of the focal points. There are no records on the contributions or damages caused by these wars.

The temple has a three-tiered rajagopuram facing west and an elevated structure approached through 21 steps. The Moolavar (presiding deity) of the temple, "Appala Rangan", is seen in Bhujangasayanm (a reclining posture) facing west and is surrounded by Bhooma Devi and Kamala Valli Thaayar. The image of the central deity is depicted in reclining posture, called pujanga sayanam and he is seen holding the holy pot in his right hand. The sanctum also contains the image of Upayamanyu and Dhurvarsa. The central deity is called Appala Ranganathar as he is located away from (appal) the Ranganathar in Srirangam.The temple has a prakaram (precinct) around the sanctum.


Moolavar:-

The Moolavar of this Sthalam is Appakkudathaan. He is also called as “Appalaa Ranganathan”. Prathyaksham for Ubamannyu and Parasarar(Bhattar). Moolavar in Kidantha Kolam and in bhujanga sayanam facing west direction.

Thayaar:-

The Thayaar of this Sthalam is Indira Devi. Also called as “Kamala Valli”.

Mangalasasanam:-

    Periyalwar – 2 Paasurams.
    Thirumangai Alwar – 19 Paasurams
    Thirumizhisai Alwar – 1 Paasuram.
    Namaalwar – 11 Paasurams.
    Total – 33

Temple Timings:-

The temple is open from 8.30 a.m. and 12.00 a.m. and from 4.30 p.m. and 8.00 p.m

Festivals:-

The temple priests perform the pooja (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. Like other Vishnu temples of Tamil Nadu, the priests belong to the Vaishnavaite community, a Brahmin sub-caste. The temple rituals are performed four times a day; Kalasanthi at 8:30 a.m., Uchikalam at 10:00 a.m., Sayarakshai at 6:00 p.m., and Ardha Jamam at 8:00 p.m. Each ritual comprises three steps: alangaram (decoration), neivethanam (food offering) and deepa aradanai (waving of lamps) for the presiding deity. The worship is held amidst religious instructions in the Vedas (sacred text) read by priests and prostration by worshippers in front of the temple mast. There are weekly, monthly and fortnightly rituals.

  
The chariot festival is the most prominent festival of the temple and also for the villages around. It is celebrated during the Tamil month of Panguni (April–May) and devotees from various places pull the chariot round the streets of Koviladi. Verses from the Nalayira Divya Prabandham are recited by a group of temple priests amidst music with nagaswaram (pipe instrument) and tavil (percussion instrument). Vaikunta Ekadashi during December–January, Navarathri during September–October and butter pot breaking ceremony (locally called uri adi) are the other festivals celebrated in the temple.
       

How to reach:-

By Road:-
Tiruchi is well connected road from various cities in Tamilnadu.

By Rail:-
Tiruchi is an important railway Station of Southern Railway and is well connected with the towns and cities of the state.

By Air:-
Nearest Airport is Tiruchi.
 

ThiruKudanthai Sarangpani Temple in Kumbakonam

Sarangpani Temple:-

Kumbakonam in ancient days Kudanthai. This Kudanthai in the course of time named as Kumbakonam.In the history of devotional literature this Kudanthai has been named as Kudamookku. Kumbakonam is a popular tourist town, 300 km south of Chennai in South India.This southern semi-urban town, engulfed in Temples, is famous for tourism activities. . This is a town where traditional arts and trade still flourish to a large extent.

Sarangpani is a famous vaishnav temple. It is also known for its tall gopuram (tower). The Chariot festival, which takes place every year, is one of the biggest festivals.

This temple lies along River Cauvery, is considered one among the three major shrines of Lord Vishnu and it was renovated during the period of Nayaka Kingdom of 16th Century. It consists of the biggest Gopuram (150ft), and five Praharas and one holy tank, known as “Porthamarai Kulam”, which is located behind the temple. The Karuvarai and Vimanam are made with 12-sculptured columns shaped like a chariot.

Idol:-

ThiruMazhisai Azhvaar and ‘Slightly Raised Reclining Posture’ of the Lord-Uthaana Sayanam
Seeing the sleeping posture of the Lord, a curious ThiruMazhisai Azhvaar questioned if his tiredness was the reason for him to be lying down in his sleeping posture. After hearing this, it is believed that the Lord slightly raised his posture to greet the Azhvaar. Feeling the guilt of having caused strain on the Lord, ThiruMazhisai Azhvaar asked him to remain as is. And the Lord remained so ever after. To this day, one can see the Lord in a slightly ‘raised reclining’ posture(Uthaana Saayee).

Lord's consort also known  as Kamala Valli Thayar has a separate sannidhi and there are Lord's paduka's(foot prints) in the outside prakaram where devotees offer worship. Opposite to that, there is a shrine for Patala  Srinivasa Perumal. Here one has to  climb down a few steps to reach the shrine .

History:-

Sage Brighu wanted to know as to who was the most composed of the Trinity (three gods).

Thus, the sage kicked Lord Mahavishnu on his chest earning the wrath of Mahalakshmi.

She became angry with the sage and left her heavenly abode and descended to Kohlapur in Maharashtra.

The sage got upset over the turn of events and prayed to the lord that the goddess should be born to him and he would redeem his karma by doing service to her. The sage was born as Hema maharishi and did severe penance in this place where the temple now exists.

But the lord, unable to bear the separation of Mahalakshmi, came down to earth and searched for her and hid in an anthill in the Tirumala hills (Tirupati). He met and married Padmavathi in the sacred hills.

When Mahalakshmi came to know of her lord’s marriage to Padmavathi, she became furious and came to the hills in search of her lord. The Almighty at once flees to Kumbakonam, seeking refuge in this temple in an underground cave. He is called Pathala (underground) Srinivasa.

Stalapuranam:-

The 2000 year old Sarangapani Aaraavamudhan temple is housed between two rivers, Cauvery and Arasalaaru, in the heart of Kumbakonam, once the capital of the Chola Kingdom. 3rd Tallest Temple Tower. This temple has the third tallest temple tower among the Divya Desams at 150ft after Srirangam(236ft) and Srivilliputhur(192 ft). Some parts of the temple is believed to have been built in the 7th Century AD by the famous Pallava King Mahendra Varma but the real construction of the temple is said to have been done by the Cholas and later renovated by the famous Vijayanagara King Krishnadeva Raaya.

After listening to the Tamil hymn ‘Aaraavamudhe’(3418-27) composed by NammAzhvaar and totally swarmed by its content ” Aayirathil Ippathe”( 10 verses in 1000), Vaishnavite savant Natha Muni wanted to listen to the 1000 verses of Divya Prabandham. Not knowing where to go to collect the entire Prabandham, Natha Muni is said to have prayed here and Lord Aaraavamudhan asked him to go to Azhvaar Tirunagari, near Tirunelveli, to meet NammAzhvaar and to compile the works of the Divya Prabandham. Having searched for the 1000 verses, Natha Muni actually got to compile all the Nalaayira Divya Prabandham.

Word ThiruKudanthai:-

Foreseeing some difficult times, Brahmma placed the Vedhic content, nectar and the seeds of creation inside a pot (Kudam in Tamil), which then slipped all the way and down to this place.

Shiva pierced the pot and the nectar flowed in two parts – one into the Mahaamagam Tank and the other into the Lotus Flower Tank. As the nectar flowed into the tank through a pot (Kudam), this place came to be called Thiru ‘Kudanthai’

A visit to this temple, it is believed, will help get rid of one’s past sins, just as a trip to Kasi in the North, would. It is sacred to bathe in the lotus water bed in the temple tank.

About Temple:-

Lord Perumal’s reclining postures are different in different places.  The one in Kumbakonam Sarangapani temple is praised as Uddhana Sayana.  Saint Thirmazhisai Azhwar in his Mangalasasanam hymn asked Lord “Are you resting as your legs pain due to long walk”.  Perumal tried to get up to grace Azhwar.  Azhwar asked Perumal to give the darshan in the half-waking up posture.  He is not in a complete reclining posture here as such.
The hymns sung by the 12 Azhwars on Lord Vishnu-Perumal had been edited as Nalayira Divya Prabandam – 4000 verses.  Lord Sarangapani was instrumental for this compilation. One of the Vaishnava Acharya Sri Nadamuni who came here for worship heard some devotees sing the glory of Lord in ten verses saying that it may be included in the 1000s.  Sri Nadamuni wondered and asked them to sing those thousand verses too.  But they could not as they did not know them.  Lord Perumal appearing in Nadamuni’s dream, advised him to go to Azhwar Tirunagari (praised as Nava Thirupathi in Tuticorin district) and seek the blessings of Saint Nammazhwar to get the hymns.  Sri Nadamuni came to Azhwar and gave him 4000 verses far above – four fold-his expectation, his joy knew no bounds.  He compiled them.  Thus, the great Vaishnava Tamil scripture with all its poetic beauty speaking the spiritual experiences of Azhwars came into being to elevate the souls generation after generation.

Perumal in the temple is also praised as Aravamudha Azhwar as He was instrumental for the compilation of Nalayaira Divya Prapandam – 4000 verses about the glory of Perumal. Of the Perumals in Divya Desas praised by Azhwars, Srirangam has Mangalasasanams of 11 Azhwars, Tirupathi Venkatachalapathi 10 and Kumbakonam Lord Sarangapani from 7 Azhwars.
Perumal came to this place to wed Mother.  He hid Himself under the earth for a while to play with mother.  He appeared before Her then and took Her hands in marriage.  The place where Lord played the hiding is now called as Padala Srinivasa shrine.  The one after the marriage is known as Mettu (higher level) shrine where He graces with Mothers.

Majority of the Divyadesa temples have Sorgavasal open on the Vaikunta Ekadasi day occurring in December-January.  But there is no one such in this temple as Perumal came to this Divyadesa directly from His Vaikunta Divyadesa.  The very worship of Perumal Lord Sarangapani would take devotees to salvation.  It is also believed that passing through the Uthirayana and Dakshinayana entrances is no different from the Sorgavasal passing.  According to the system followed here, people enter the temple through the Uthrayana entrance from Thai to Aani ( January-February to June-July) and through Dakshinayana entrance from Aadi to Margazhi month covering the English months July-August to December-January.  As such only one gate is kept open to enter the temple.
In most Divyadesa temples, the presiding deity occupies the highest prominence.  All pujas and Alankaras are offered to presiding deity alone.  In the Kumbakonam temple such respects are offered to the procession deity as He acts on behalf of the presiding deity.  Hence, this temple is revered as Upaya Pradhana Divyadesa with due respect to the procession deity too.
Perumal usually appears with His discus and conch.  The presiding deity and the procession deity of the temple are holding a bow too known as Sarngam, hence, the name of the Lord, Sarangapani.  The bow in the hands of the presiding deity is not visible.  As Kumbakonam is the place of sacred theerthas, deities of rivers and Devas appear here worshipping Perumal.
Kumbakonam is the birth place of Mother Komalavalli.  Afer the marriage Lord chose to stay here itself with His consort – that is in his mother-in-law’s house.  In Tamil this called as Veettodu Mappillai.  Hence, Mother is dominant in the temple.  The first worship goes to Mother only.  As a philosophy, as Mother is first for all respects, to establish this rule, the way to Perumal shrine is also structured accordingly.  The Go-Puja-puja to cow- is performed in Komalavalli Thayar shrine.  Pujas to Lord are offered only then.
The mercy of Lord Perumal Sarangapani towards His devotees is above the power of words.  A devotee Lakshmi Narayanaswami served Lord throughout his life.  He is the one who built the Rajagopuram of the temple.  But he was childless.  He reached the Lotus feet of Lord on a Deepavali day.  Any one having no heir to perform the last rites would go to hell, according to sastras.  But Lord cannot ignore His devotee.  He performed the last rites for His devotee.  Next day, when the temple was opened, people saw Him with a wet dhoti and His sacred thread – Poonool in Tamil and Yagnopavitha in Sanskrit – changed on the right shoulder, darba in hands in rite-performing manner.  This event is followed in the temple on Deepavali days during the midday puja but devotees are not allowed to see this puja.

Architecture:-

Sri Sarangapani Temple is considered one among the three major shrines of Lord Vishnu and it was renovated during the period of Nayaka Kingdom of 16th century.Sarangapani temple consists of only one holy tank,known as "Porthamarai Kulam".The Karuvarai and Vimanam are made with 12-sculptured columns shaped like a chariot.

Sarangapani is the largest Vishnu temple in Kumbakonam and has the tallest temple tower in the town. The temple is enshrined within a huge wall and the complex enshrines all the water bodies of the temple except the Potramarai tank. The rajagopuram (the main gateway) has eleven tiers and has a height of 173 ft (53 m). There are five other smaller gopurams in the temple. The rajagopuram has figures depicting various religious stories. The temple faces east and the Potramarai tank is located outside the western entrance. The central shrine of the temple is in the form of a chariot drawn by horses and elephants, with openings on either side, showing the descent of Sarangapani from heaven in the chariot. There is a sculptural representation of the sage Hemarishi in the western part of the temple. The central shrine of the temple houses the image of Sarangapani in pallikonda posture, with his head resting on his right hand. The are other images of sage Hemarishi, Lakshmi and festival images enshrined within the sanctum. There are two stepped entrances to the sanctum named as Utharayana Vaasal and Dhakshanayana Vaasal, each open for a six month period. From the 15th of January to 15th of June, Utharayanya Vaasal is opened while Dhakshanaya Vaasal is opened during the other half of the year. The Potramarai tank has a central hall called Hemarishi Mandapam.The temple has two processional chariots carved out of wood stationed outside the rajagopuram.

In Bharatanatyam, a South Indian dance form, 108 karanas form the basic movements. Some of these karanas are sculpted around the walls of the temple. Similar sculptures are found in the Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur and Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram.

Naadamunigal and Divya Prabantham:-

During 9th, A.D, divya prabatham was not compiled. It was scattered here and there. On that time in Kaatumannar kovil also called Veera Narayanapuram near Chidambaram there lived a man called Naadhamunigal.

He worked in the temple and one day he came to hear II paasurams which had "Aara Amudhey" as its beggning. The verse was so pure, gentle and devotional that Naadamunigal was completely take aback by it. He asked the two men about the verse and enquired them regarding the last line which hinted that these II paasurams or verses were among the other 1000 verses. But the men who sand said they were Unaware about the matter.

Somehow Naadamunigal wanted to find the rest of 1000 Paasurams. But he couldnt get any clues from the men and so he was very much worried. Suddenly he remembered the first line which began with the word "Aara Amudhe" so quickly he went to the Saarangapani temple in Kudanthai and started to pray hardly. Immedietely a flash ran in his mind the last line of the II Paasurams said that it was written by Sadagopan of Thirukurukur (ie, "Kurukur Sadagopan Kuralin Maliya sonna OOrayirathul").

He thanked the god to remaind him and headed straightly to Thirukkurukur. There he came to know about the history of Nammalwar and his excellent diciple "Madhurakavi alwar" who treated Nammalwar as his god. Then he met Pharangusasadhasar who came in the way Madhurakavialwar who gave him II Paasurams (Starting with Kanninum Siruthambu...) sung by his guru. The verse was written by Madhurakavialwar in praise of his beloved guru Nammalwar.

Naadhamunigal was very happy and he went to the temple in Alwar Thirunagari (Thirukurukur) and sat in front of the Tamarind tree under which Nammalwar was sitting in his time.

He started to chant the II Paasurams of Madhurakavialwar without stopping for 12,000 times. Nammalwar appeared before Naadhamunigal and started to teach him all the 4000 paasurams and with a written copy of Dhivya prabantham. Naadhamunigal returned to Kaatu Mannar kovil Secessfully. Srimadh Naadhamunigal then divided the prabantha paasurams into 4 group each containing almost 1000 paasurams.

Henceforth Aaraamudha perumal of this Thirukkudanthai - Naatha munigal from Kaatu mannar kovil Nammalwar of Alwar Thirunagari all worked together to the rebirth of prabantham. Also the way in which Aaramudhan came to this place, bears a relation to Thirupathi and Sri Rangam. This temple Karbagraham (or) Moolavar sannathi has two entries one named Uthrayana vaasal and the other Dakshinayana Vaasal, both the terms deputing the Sun's orbit. Hence this place is also treated incoherence with Thiruvellarai.

As Aaraamudhans appearence has a relation to the myths of the trinity Bhrama, vishnu Sivan this place can be treated inaccordance to Kadhambanoor and Kandiyur.

Once upon a time Therumazhisai Alwar came to have a dharsan of Aaraamudha perumal. He was very much impressed by his beauty and wanted to have a chat with him. So he prayed the Lord and after some times, the Lord Wanted to answer his prayer and hence he lifted his head from the sleeping posture and started to get up. But, Alwar didnt wanted to disturb his sleep and hence he requested perumal not to get up and to remain in the same posture so as to bless each devotee visiting him and to treat each one of them as Thirumazhisaialwar. The post of Aara Amudhan is called as Uthra Sayanam and he is thus called as Uthanasai.

As the Lord god accepted his devotees wish as he did in Kanchipuram, this place is coherent to Thiruvekka of Kanchipuram.

Once there lived a great Sri Vishnu bhaktha named "Narayaswamy" in Thirukudanthai. He was very rich but had no children. So at one stage he devoted all his money and wealth to the Aara Amudhan's temple. His neighbors asked him to adopt a son to render rites and rituals after his death,

Narayanaswamy said them that, he did not cared that and also said them that after his death, Lord Aaraamudhan would come in person to perform his rites. So happened after his death, a young man came from nowhere and performed his last rites.

Till now on certain day of the year, all the things necessary for doing rites and rituals are kept in the Aaraamudhans sannadhi and the temple is closed, so that Aaraamudha perumal would performing the rituals for Narayanaswamy's death.

This coherates to the incident of Sri Rama performing the rites of the dead Jadayu at Thiruputkuzhi and Thirupullam boothamkudi where he took rest after finishing the rites.

At a distance of 3 miles south from this place there is Nandipura Vinnagara divya desa temple, then to the east are Thirunageswaram, Uppliappan kovil then at 6 miles south there is Naachiyar Kovil in Thirunarayur from there at 3 miles distance there is Thirucherai and after that is Thiruvellainkudi. So totally there are six divya desams to be visited.

Kumbakonam Kritham Paavam, Kumbakonam Vinasyathi”

Festivals:-

There is no swarga Vaasal at the Saarangapani temple. About 50000 people are expected to attend the Vaikunta Ekadesi festival.There are festivals all through the year at this temple.

Temple timings:-

 7am –12 30pm and 4pm-8pm.

The temple follows Pancharatra Agama and Vadakalai tradition.
 The temple priests perform the pooja (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. Like other Vishnu temples of Tamil Nadu, the priests belong to the Vaishnavite community, a Brahmin sub-caste. The temple rituals are performed six times a day.

Tiruvanandal at 8:00 a.m.,
 Kala santhi at 9:00 a.m.,
Uchikalam at 12:30 p.m.,
Ntiyanusandhanam at 6:00 p.m.,
 Irandamkalam at 7:30 p.m.
 and Ardha Jamam at 9:00 p.m.

 Each ritual comprises three steps:-

Alankaram (decoration), neivethanam (food offering) and deepa aradanai (waving of lamps) for both Sarangapani and Thayar. The food offering during the six times are curd rice, Ven pongal, spiced rice, dosa, Ven pongal and sugar pongal respectively.
 The worship is held amidst music with nagaswaram (pipe instrument) and tavil (percussion instrument), religious instructions in the Vedas (sacred text) read by priests and prostration by worshippers in front of the temple mast. There are weekly, fortnightly and monthly rituals.

Festivals:-

Akshaya Tritiyai - 12 Garuda Sevai Chaitra Brahma Utsavam celebrated during the Tamil month of Chittirai (April - May),
Vasantotsavam during Vaikasi (May - June),
Pavitrotsavam - Ekadasi Jyeshotsavam during Adi(July - August),
 Sri Jayanthi - Uriyadi Utsavam during Avani (August - September),
Navaratri Utsavam - Saraswathi Puja - Vijayadasami during Purattasi (September - October), Deepavali - Shraddha of Sri Lakshmi Narayanaswami during Aippasi (October - November),
 Deepa Utsavam - Unjal Utsavam during Karthigai (November - December),
Pakal Pattu - Ira Pattu Pongal Sankaramana Utsavam during Margazhi (December - January),
 Kanu Utsavam - Amavasya - Ratasaptami during Thai (January - February),
Masi Magaham - Float Festival during Masi (February - March)
and Brahmmotsavam - Tirukkalyanotsavam during Panguni (March - April) are the festivals celebrated in the temple.

Places to visit around Kumbakonam:-

Mahamaham Tank:-

Mahamaham Tank near to paradise resort. heritage resort between kumbakonam and tanjore - tamilnadu - south india .If there is a tank held to be more sacred than Ganges, it is only the Mahamaham Tank at Kudandai. As Kumbamelas are celebrated in this Tank. The Mahamaham Tank of Kumbakonam is Located near the Head Post Office. This Tank covers an area of 6.2 acers and is in a shape of a pot. The Tank is surrounded by 16 small Mandapams and a "Nava Kannika Temple" in the Eastern side.

Kumbesvarar Temple:-

Kumbeswarar temple located kumbakonam, Kumbeswarar temple nearest luxury hotel is paradise resort (heritage resort between kumbakonam and tanjore - tamilnadu - south india)   
Adi Kumbeswarar temple is the major one among the Saivaite temples and located in the centre of Kumbakonam at Big Bazaar Street. This temple covers an area of 30181 sq.ft. With a length and breadth of 750 feet, and 252 feet respectively. This temple comprises fo three Praharas and three Gopurams in the eastern, northern and western directions. It is belived that Govinda Theeksithan, the Chieftain of Achutha Nayakar of Thanjavur, renovated this oldest temple during 16th century.
    
Nagesvarar Temple:-

Nagesvarar Temple located in kumbakonam, Nagesvarar Temple´s nearest heritage resort is paradise resort (heritage resort between kumbakonam and tanjore - tamilnadu - south india)   
Nageswaran Temple otherwise known as "koothandavar Kovil", is locatd near the old bus stand area and Adithya Cholan of Chola dynasty constructed this temple during 12th century. This temple stands as a great marvel of chola's architecture, building technology and astronomy. The design and orientation are structured in such a way that it allows the sun rays inside the temple only during the month of Chithirai, therefore, it bears another name called "Soorya Kotatm" or "Keel Kottam". The Karuvarai of Nageswaran temple has similarity with that of Sarangapani temple, as it is made in the form of a chariot. The temple consists of two Gopurams in the easteren and western directions.
      
 Somesvara Temple:-

Somesvara Temple situated in kumbakonam. Paradise resort give world class resort and hotel service near to this temple.   
Someswara temple Somessar temple is situated in the southren portion of Sri Sarangapani Temple. This temple is facing the northren side with a small Gopuram at the eastern portion near the entrance. The architectural style and element of this temple resembles the Dravidian Architecture of 13th century of chola period. Arumugam and thenar Mozhi Ammal are the other deities located in this temple complex.

Sri Gowthameswarar Temple:-
This temple is in the south western side of M' Tank. God : Yagnobhaveetheswar
Goddess : Sundaranayagi.

Sri Abhimugheswarar Temple:-

The temple is situated in the eastern side of M' tank. Entrance is facing the west side with the Lord Abhimugheswarar and Goddess Amirthavalli.

Chakarapani Temple:-

Chakkarapani Temple is located in the northern portion of Big Bazaar Street near the river Cauvery and secong biggest Vaishnavite temple in Kumbakonam town.
      
Sri Kambatta Vishwanathar Temple:-

Nayak kings have built this temple which is also called as " Malathivanam ".

Sri Banupurishwarar Temple:-
This temple is in the north eastern side of the city in a isolated place. God: Shiva called as Banupurishwarar.

Goddess:-
 Somakalambigai.

 This is the place where Shiva in the disguise of a Hunter broke the pot with an arrow.
    
Ramaswamy Temple:-

Ramasamy Temple Achutha Nayaka of Thanjavur constructed the Ramasamy temple during 16th century. This temple is Located on the southeastern portion of "Porthamarai Kulam" and southern side of "Uchipillaiyar Kovil" junction. This temple consists of one Gopuram, One Maha Mandapam and Karuvarai.

Navagraha Temples:-
Indian Astrology belives that the planetary positions of the nine planets in a geocentric orbit determine the way a person will live, progress and exemplify ones's life to others before death. Nava means nine and Graha means Planet. There are nine temples located in Tamil Nadu representing each planet in the Navagraha. All nine of them are located within a sixty - kilometre radius around Kumbakonam in Thanjavur district.

Sri Sitta Rama Bhavani Sankarar Temple:-

This temple is located at Solaiyappan street on the bank of the Cavery River. This More than 200 years old temple. This temple was built by Achalpuram Shri Lakshmana Shrwthigal’s son Indore shri Suba rao dravid.

Brahman Temple:-

Pleased by the prayers of Brahma, Vishnu appeared here as " Vedanarayan " and "Varadharaja". The temple is in the banks of Arasalaru river.

Airavateswarar Temple:-

Airavateshwarar temple is located at Darasuram, 4km of west from Kumbakonam. Airavath is the Holy White Elephant. This temple constructed by Rajendra Chola is the example of 12 Century Chola Architecture. This is temple is one of the tourist part of Kumbakonam.

Rahu Sthalam - Tirunageswaram:-

Rahu Sthalam situated in Tirunageswaram   
Tirunageswaram, This vast temple known is so far its shrine to Rahu, one of the nine celestial bodies in the Navagraha. A legend has it that the mythological serpents Adiseshan, Dakshan and Kaarkotakan worshipped Shiva here. Legend also has it that King Nala worshipped Shiva here as in Thirunallar.
    
Vaitheswarar Temple - Vaitheswaran Koil:-

Vaitheswaran Koil, With the Vaitheswaran Koil, there is a special shrine dedicated to Ankarakan or Sevvai or Mars. The belief is that if prayers are offered to Ankarakan, he will bestow valour, victory and strength to the person. Upon entering the temple, devotees first go the Siddamrita tank. The water is said to have curative properties for various skin ailments. There ia also a widespread belief that a visit here would remove obstacles that delay marriage.
    
Chandran - Thingaloor:-

Thingaloor, Though there is a question about when this temple was built, historians agree that it must have been in existence since before the beginning of the Bhakti period, which was well before the seventh century A.D. Dedicated to the Moon or Chandran in Sanskrit and Thingai in Tamil, a visit ti this temple is said to grant a confortable and long lilfe. In astrology, Chandran is the planet that removes stress and sorrow.
    
Sani Temple - Thirunallar:-

Thirunallar, This is the only temple that is dedicated to Lord Sani Or Saturn. When the Planet Saturn transits between zodiac signs, literally millions throng this shrine. The Legendary King Nala is said to have been relived of his affictions, which were due to the malefic influence of Saturn, after worships in this temple. Of the numerous tanks theertams, the Nala theertam is the important one. By bathibng here, it is belived that one washes off all kinds of misfortune and afflictions.
    
Surya - Suryanar Koil:-

Surya - Suryanar Koil (god sun temple) in close to paradise resort (heritage resort near navagraha temples and kumbakonam).    
Suryanar Koil, situated 21 kms from swamimalai is the Suryanar Koil built by King Kulothunga Chola I in the year 1100 AD. This temple is dedicated to Sun God Surya who is known as tha giver health, sucess and prosperity. Every year in mid January, the harvest festival is celebrated in thanks giving and to honour.
    
Sukran - Kanchanur:-

   Kanchanur, This Shiva Sthalam is associated with Sukran or Venus and is maintained by the Madurai Adinam. It is Located in a quite hamlet of Thiruvaavaduturai.This Shrine is also referred to as Palaasavanam, Brahmapurai and Agnisthalam. Brahma is said to have had a vision here of Shiva's wedding with Parvati.Men visit to pray for the well being od their wives.
    
Kethu - Keezhperumpallam:-

Keezhperumpallam, This is an ancient Shaivite temple and legend has it that Kethu, the other planetary node of the nine celestial bodies worshipped Shiva here. Rahu and Kethu are associated with legend of the serpent that helped Lord Shiva churn the milky ocean. There is a Shrine dedicated to Kethu in this temple.
    
Guru - Alangudi:-

   
Alangudi, This is regarded as a Guru Sthalam or Jupiter where Lord Dakshinamurthy is held in great revernce. The Shrine attracts a large number of devotees when Jupiter transits between zodiac signs. Parvathi, the consort of Lord Shiva, is said to have been reborn on the banks of the Amrita Pushkarini within the temple precincts before being reunited with Shiva.
    
Budhan - Thiruvenkadu:-

Thiruvenkadu, There ia a reference to this temple in Valmiki's Ramayana. Therefore it is said that the oldest part of the temple is more than 3000 years old. Dedicated to Budhan or Mercury this temple in Thiruvenkadu makes up the last of the Navagraha Temples. Budhan is said to bestow wisdom and intellect.

How to reach:-

By Road:-
Kumbakonam is well connected road from various cities in Tamilnadu.

By Rail:-
Kumbakonam is an important railway Station of Southern Railway and is well connected with the towns and cities of the state.

By Air:-
Nearest Airport is Tiruchi.

Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangapatnam located at Kaveri Island

Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple:-

Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple is located on an island in the river Kaveri. The temple is one of a set of three major temples that are built on three different islands on the Kaveri and are dedicated to lord Ranganatha (Lord Vishnu). The temples is one of the most important Vaishnavite shrines in South India. It is built in 9th century, later improved by the Hoysala and Vijayanagar kings .

The temple of Ranganatha enshrines reclining God Vishnu on the couch of a huge, serpent called Shesha. This temple was initiated by a Ganga dynasty chief called Tirumalaiah in 894 AD, but was expanded by different ruling kingdoms, such as Hoysala, Vijayanagara, and Mysore Wodeyar; till the 16th century.
Thus, the architecture of the temple reflects Ganga, Hoysala, and Vijayanagar architectural elements.
Inside the sanctum, the colossal Ranganatha deity reclines in the north-south orientation and the sanctum faces east. Lord Rangantha’s well-limbed proportions, and the peaceful countenance of the sleeping God; magnetize and mesmerize his on-lookers. The temple also has its own independent enclosure wall and an imposing yet ornate entrance gate of five stories called Gopura.
At the south-west corner, is the shrine of Ranganayaki; the consort of Ranganatha.
Tourists visiting the temple during the celebration of the harvest festival – Makarashankaranthi in January – are mesmerized and enchanted by the aesthetically arranged oil lamps that number over a thousand. Located towards the western end of Srirangapatna, this temple also provides a commanding view of the ruined palace of Tipu Sultan.
This island is sprinkled with numerous historic and religious monuments. The spiritual sanctity of its religious landscape saddles beautifully with the nostalgic air of its valor past. There are over four dozen such spots in Srirangapatna. However the general tourist crowd that visit Srirangapatna seems satisfied with a few ‘popular’ attractions. Thanks to the proximity of the glittering Mysore, Srirangapatna is often marked for a quick detour, that is if time permits!
This temple enshrines the statue of the smiling Lord, which is engraved out of black stone. The idol, located in the garbagriha, shows the deity sleeping on Anantha, the snake. Beautiful pillars showing 24 forms of Lord Vishnu are lined up around the temple, which adds to the appeal of the monument. The inner walls of this temple have been adorned with various images of Lord Srinivasa as well as Panchmukha Anjaneya.

The temple is dedicated to lord Vishnu who is better known as lord Ranganatha here and is one of five such Vishnu temples that are all built on the banks of the river Kaveri collectively known as the Pancharangas. The other temples and sites being the “Sri Ranganatha Swamy Temple in Srirangam”, “the Sarangapani Temple in Kumbakonam”, “Sri Appakkudathan Temple in Trichy” and the “Parimala Ranganatha Perumal Temple in Indalur, Mayiladuthurai”. There is also a popular legend here that states that if one visits all 5 of these temples in a single day then he or she attains salvation.


The western side of the Kaveri that flows here is said to be very holy and many people visit the river to disperse ashes of their near and dear ones in this part of the river as they believe that it is a direct gateway to the heavens and the abode of Vishnu. On one particular festival here hundreds of lamps are lit on the banks of the river and people take a dip here in order to rid themselves of all their sins. It’s a very popular practice amongst the Hindus here. This temple is a must visit for one and all.

History of Sriranga patnam:-

The history of Srirangapatana commences from the 9th century A.D. as revealed in an inscription of a Ganga chieftain by name Tirumalaiah, the founder of the temple of Sriramganatha. Later on Hoysala king Vishnuvardana (1108-1152) conferred on Ramanuja, and his disciples. “Astagramas” or eight villages of including the tract of land on either side of the river Cauvery at Srirangapatana. Timmanna one once of the descendants of Hebbars, built o fort at sriranhgapatana with the permission of Devaraya, the Vijayanagar king in early fifteenth century. The town and the fort assumed such strategic importance that Sauva Narasa, father of krishnadevaraya, took possession of Srirangapatna and afterwards it was ruled by the Viceroys of Vijayanagar kings, With the downfall of Vijayanagar in 1565 A. D. the powers of the Viceroys dwindled and the Wodeyars of Mysore, though acknowledging the nominal suzerainty of Vijayanagar, obtained possession of Srirangapatna in 1610 A. D.

The political situation in the second half of the eighteenth century is marked by a period when the Mugahals were on the decline, the Marathas were rising into prominence and the Europeans were transforming themselves into a political power. It was during this service of Nawab of Sira, accompanied Nanjaraja, Minister of Mysore Wodeyars, on his Trichunapalli campaigns in 1751 and, in 1755 and, in 1766 he assumed the entire control of the state. From then onwards the history of Srirangapatna as that of South India revolves round Hider and his son Tipu, who ere to revive Srirangapatna from doldrums to a powerful unified state bounded by the river Krisha in the north, Travancore in the south, the Easteren ghats and the Arabian sea in the east and west respectively.

After establishing himself in power Haider extended the boundaries in all directions. He was a great soldier, conqueror and administrators. He along with his son Tipu fought four wars against the English, Known as Mysore wars. The first two battles were won by Haider and Tipu with the help of the French. Haider died on 7th December 171782 at Narasingarayanapet near Chitor and was buried in an impressive mausoleum on the outskirts of Srirangapatna.
After the death of Haider, Tipu (1750-1799) was enthroned as the ruler on 4th May 1783 in a simle ceremony at Bednur. Tipu was a man of sound moral character, active and patriotic. Well educated, able to speak Arabic, Kannada, Persian and Urdu, a valiant soldier and a tactful general. In 1792 A.D. at the end of the Third Mysore War Tipu was forced to sign a treaty conceding nearly half his territories and agreeing to pay three crores of rupees as a war indemnity, pending payment of which, two of his sons where taken away as hostages by the English.

In the Fourth Mysore War Tipu died fighting on 4th May 1799 after the fall of Srirangapatna, the English installed Krishnaraja Wodeyar III a body of five years as the ruler and the capital was shifted to Mysore, since then Srirangapatna has lost its importance its ruined fort. Temples, palaces and mosques stand as eloquent testimony to its glorious past.

About Temple:-

The temple has a navaranga mandapam which surrounds the sanctum sanctorum. The principal deity is Sri Ranganatha in the sleeping posture with the Adi Shesha, the serpent with seven heads. Goddess Lakshmi is at Lord Ranganatha’s foot. Goddess Ranganayaki is the principal goddess of this beautiful temple.

It is believed that this temple is a very important Vaishnavite shrine of South India. The temple’s beautiful and exquisite architecture surely takes us way back to the Hoysala rule. The brilliant and beautiful architecture of the Vijayanagar style and the exclusive carvings are indeed a delight to the eyes. The temple is dedicated to Lord Ranganatha.

The temple has four strong pillars with twenty four beautifully sculpted Vishnu forms. You can see exclusive Hoysala style of architecture. It is said that the Hoysalas appreciated art and art forms and encouraged the artisans. The intricate work of the artisans is clearly reflected in the architecture of the temple. The entire prakaram of the temple is beautifully painted with mythological stories.

 The Lamp post and the Flag post at the entrance to the Sanctum Sanctorum of the Temple.Both the Posts have the carvings of the Main symbols of Lord Vishnu, The Sacred Shankha(Conch) and the Disc(Chakra). Please refer the Pictures below for the carvings of The Conch and the Disc on the Posts.

Deity:-

The sacred Deity of Lord Ranganatha known as Madhya Ranga worshipped and decorated with Flowers, Thulasi, etc. One can notice the Lord sleeping on the bed formed by the Sacred snake Adishesha. The speciality of this temple is that the snake is seven headed whereas in the remaining two Temples, the snake is five headed. The idol is believed to be a Shaligrama Shila or in other words a Black Fossil Stone.

The Story of Ranganatha swamy temple:-

The devotees cleansed their sins by bathing in the sacred Cauvery. With even Ganga coming here once a year, Cauvery accumulated all the sins and was stuck with a dosham and took on the ‘Rakshashi Roopam’.

To rid herself of this, she undertook penance and sought the help of Lord Vishnu. Pleased with her prayers, he came down to this place. Delighted at the darshan of Lord Ranganatha, Cauvery undertook service at the feet of the Lord and was immediately relieved of the sins. Hence, to this day, one can see Goddess Cauvery at the feet of Ranganathaswamy at this temple.

Gouthama Kshetram:-

Another story goes that Gouthama Rishi, who wanted darshan of the Lord, undertook penance at this place. Lord Ranganatha is said to have displayed his special ‘Yoga Sayana Kolam’ to the Rishi. Hence this place is also referred to as Gouthama Kshetram.

Garuda:-

A special feature at this temple is the large granite pillared structure of Garuda, the credit for which also goes to the Vijayanagara rulers who were great devotees of Vishnu.

Although situated a mere 13 km from Mysore city, Srirangapattana lies in the neighbouring district of Mandyaa. The entire town is enclosed by the river Kaveri to form an island, northern half of which is shown in the image to the right. While the main river flows on the eastern side of the island, the Paschima Vaahini segment of the same river flows to its west.
The town takes its name from the celebrated Ranganathaswamy temple which dominates the town, making Srirangapattana one of the most important Vaishnavite centers of pilgrimage in south India.
The presence of the Kaveri River is in itself considered auspicious and sanctifying. The Paschima Vaahini section of the Kaveri at Srirangapattana is considered especially sacred; the pious come from far and wide to immerse the ashes of the departed and perform obsequies to their ancestors in these waters.

The town is easily accessible by train from Bangalore and Mysore and is also well-connected by road, lying as it does just off the Bangalore-Mysore highway. The highway passes through this town and special care was taken to minimize any impact on the monuments here.

Festivals:-
Opening of Swarga Vaasal on the Pongal day (at this temple, the opening is on the first day of Utharaayina period)

Ugadi Moolavar Thirumanjanam

Kodai Thirunaal Festival immediately follows Ugadi

Ranga Jayanathi- The evening sees a special decoration of the Lord in a ‘Ranga Mudi’

7day Oonjal Utsavam

Garuda Utsavam(Visakam full moon day)


Near by Places:-

Melkote:-

36 Kms North from Mandya is Melkote, a sacred pilgrim centre, known for its Vairamudi festival in March- April. More than one lakh devotees  congregate here for this festival. Melkote used to be known for its Handlooms. The great saint Ramanujacharya walked this land a thousand years ago. The Chaluvanarayan Swamy and Yaganarasimha swamy temples of Melkote boast of a history of more than 1000 years. Melkote is also home to the Academy of Sanskrit Research.

How to reach there: By road from Bangalore (135 K.M.s), Mysore (50 K.M.s) and  Mandya (50 K.M.s)

Hosa Holalu Temple:-

The Lakshminarayana temple is a magnificient example of Hoysala architecture of the thirteenth century. The intricate carvings in stone depict various images from the Mahabharata and other epics.

The temple is a trikutachala or three-celled temple.  Only the main cell has a sukhanasi and a tower.

Some of the images carved on the walls are about two and a half feet high.  They are of fine proportions and well executed.  The figures of Panduranga, Dakshinamurti and Mohini are particularly noteworthy.  Groups of dancing ladies with accompaniments in impressive poses adorn the capitals of the pillars in the navaranga.  There are also some interesting sculptures in the friezes, the scroll work and the railing panels. An annual jatra called Rangada-habba is held here in honour of Anjaneya about the month of April.  It resembles the Holi festival in some respects.  The villages put on various disguises, sing the praises of god and dance the whole night, squirting, at intervals, saffron water (vasanta) over one another.

Hosahallu is a village near Krishnaraj Pete town. One can reach Hosaholalu by road from Mandya (60 K.M.s), Mysore (50 K.M.s) and Bangalore (160 K.M.s).

Basaralu Temple:-

The Mallikarjuna Temple at Basaralu is a good and highly ornate specimen of Hoysala architecture, built in the thirteenth century by Harihara Dannayaka, during the rule of the Hoysala King Narasimha II. Two fine elephants with animated appearance flank the doorway of the porch. Impressively worked images of a height of about two and a half feet, representing Gods and heroes, adorn the main wall above the basement. Sixteen handed Shiva dancing on Andhakasura's head, Durga with 22 arms and Saraswati, both in dancing postures, Ravana lifting the Kailasa, Arjuna shooting the fish target, Draupadi rushing forth with garland and Gajasura Mardana are some of the remarkable images which are particularly interesting. There are six friezes of sculptures depicting war elephants, horsemen, lions, swans and makaras and illustrating Ramayana, Mahabharata, Bhagavata and several puranic episodes.

 This temple is located 35 Kilometers from Mandya by road. 

Brahmeshwara Temple, Kikkeri:-

Situated about eight miles from K.R.Pet town and ten miles from Sravanabelagola, this temple is a fine specimen of Hoysala architecture. It was constructed in A.D.1171, during the rule of the Hoysala King Narasimha I, by a lady named Bammare Nayakiti. This ornate structure has some special features. The sides of the temple are convex viewed from outside and bulge out so that the interior dimensions are widened beyond the base. The deep indentation of the horizontal courses in the basement and the knife-edge to which  the cornices have been brought are also interesting points. It is a single celled temple and has an impressive and lofty stone tower. There is a well executed image of Vishnu, about four feet high, in one of the niches of the navaranga The madanike figures carved on the capitals of the pillars of the navaranga are of extra-ordinary workmanship and are life-like.

Nimishamba Temple:-

 
Nimishamba temple was built at the time of Mummadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar about 300 to 400 years ago on the bank of the river Cauvery. Sri Nimishamba is considered as the incarnation of Goddess Parvathi, the wife of Lord Shiva. The temple has the Shrichakra carved on a stone in front of Sri Nimishamba and pooja is performed.

There is a belief that Sri Nimishamba is going to remove all the problems and troubles of her devotees within a minute. That is why she is called Nimishamba. Nimisha means a minute.

Sangam:-

Sangam is the place where the River Loakpavani joins the River Cauvery. This is a popular picnic spot and is a beautiful place. From here the river follows into the Mettur Dam in Tamilnadu. Its about 3 Kms. from Mysore.

Paschimavahini:-

Paschimavahini on the River Cauvery, about 2 Kms. from Srirangapatna is a sacred place for the Hindus, the pious come from far and wide to immerse the ashes of the departed and perform obsequies to their ancestors in these waters. There are bathing ghats and choultries here.


Karighatta:-

Karighatta situated about 3 Km. from Srirangapatna is a hill range rising to 2,697 ft. has the temple of Venkataramanaswamy in Dravidian style built during the Vijayanagar period.

How to Reach:-

By Road:-
 Srirangapatna is on the Bangalore –Mysore State Highway. It is closer to Mysore.
By Rail:-
Nearest Rail head- Mysore.
By Air:-
Nearest Airport- Bangalore