Gavipuram Gangadhareshwara Temple In Banglore

                                                 Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple

In a little while, as we drove towards Basavangudi, we came across an area with huge monoliths. On inquiring, a passerby said it was part of a cave temple called Gavi Gangadhareshwara. We immediately pulled over the car and decided to explore. A huge trident made of stone was the first thing we noticed on entering the temple premises.The word 'gavi' means a cave or a den in the local language. The temple is dedicated to Gangadhareshwar, which is another name for Lord Shiva. It is known to be one of the oldest temples in Bangalore and with its stunning rock-cut architecture, it is indeed a fine example of an architectural prowess.

 A stone idol of Nandi, Shiva's mount, is placed outside the shrine. A placard near the entrance gave a very interesting information about the architectural planning of the temple that is backed by scientific knowledge. It mentioned that during a specific time of the year, the sunlight passes between the horns of the Nandi and enters the inner sanctum directly illuminating the Shiva Lingam.

This temple has many features that will take you by amazement. Built in the 9th century, this temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is also popular as the Gavipuram Cave temple. Coming to the unique features of this temple, the two huge discs on the foreground of the shrine. The next thing that will attract your attention at the Gavi Gangadhareshwara temple is the idol of Agni deva or the fire god. Here the Agni deva is depicted as the Lord with two heads, seven hands and three legs.

Architecture Of Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple:-

The Gavipuram Cave Temple is an architectural wonder in itself. The temple was cut out from a natural monolith rock. The inner sanctum of the temple is situated inside a cave carved out in the rock. The main attraction of the temple is the granite pillars situated in the forecourt of the temple. Two of the pillars support huge discs that represent the sun and the moon. The other two pillars have a trident (trishul) and a two-headed drum (damru), representing the two significant possessions of Lord Shiva.

But the main architectural significance associated with the temple is the creation of the cave temple and the placement of the stone discs in such a manner that they allow the sun to illuminate the Shivalinga for just one hour every year.

Old paintings show different scene:-

Several old paintings, including two drawings of the British artists Thomas and William Daniell from 1792 show though somewhat different architecture and disposition of elements of this unique temple two centuries ago.
Paintings show that the area around the temple was barren and devoid of vegetation. Nowadays the view to the east is obscured by trees.
Temple has been supplemented by new walls and enclosures. This has been done with a great skill to change the earlier dates of the illumination to contemporary January 14.
Later there has been added also a bronze pillar - Dhwajasthambha. Also this bronze pillar has unclear function - shadow of this pillar sometimes falls on the vertical mark on one of the discs. It is possible that Dhwajasthambha was installed to mark the entry of the Sun into Cancer.
Further analysis of these old drawings shows that earlier the Sun illuminated the shrine during both the winter solstice and summer solstice.
Mysterious discs in the courtyard most likely were aligned to mark the summer solstice.

History Of Gavipuram Gangadhareshwara Temple:-

Gavi Gangadhareshwara temple is a famous ancient cave temple. The temple is renowned due to a significant and almost magical phenomenon, that occurs in the temple every year, on a particular day in the month of January.  Apart from the wonderful phenomenon, the temple also stands as a glaring example of the marvelous Indian rock-cut architecture.  It is dedicated to the Hindu deity, Lord Shiva. The temple is unique from all other temples of Karnataka,  due to the presence of two huge discs in the foreground of the shrine.
 Another major attraction of the temple, is the presence of a rare idol of Agni, the God of fire. The figure has two heads, seven hands and three legs. It is perhaps the only temple in South India that has such an idol.  The temple has a wonderful sculpture of Nandi (a bull), Shiva’s mount. A beautiful image of Shakti Ganapathi, with 12 hands adorns the left side of the main entrance to the temple.
 The history of the temple dates back to the 9th century. It is believed that the temple was cut out of a rock in the 9th century. It was used by the great sage Gowthama to perform penance. Later in the 16th century, Kempegowda I, the founder of Bangalore, revamped and extended the temple.  According to local legend, Kempegowda was imprisoned by Rama Raya.  He suffered imprisonment for five years. When he was released, he constructed this temple to show his gratitude. Artistic depiction of the temple is found in the painting of the British artist James Hunter in 1792.
 Every year on the 14th of January, a rare and significant phenomenon takes place inside the inner sanctum of the temple. The rays of the setting sun on the western horizon, shoot a beam of light, that passes from under an arch, on the western wall of the temple,  before moving towards the inner sanctum.  It first lights the back of the statue of Nandi and passes over its horns and reaches the feet of the Shivalinga.  Finally the beam of light illuminates the whole of Shivalinga.
 This is a wonderful sight, as the event is marked by continuous ringing of the bells and chanting of mantras by the priests and devotees. The linga is bathed in milk by one of the priests during the entire period of the phenomenon. It seems as if the Sun is showing reverence to the Lord on the auspicious day. A large crowd of thousands of people gather from far and near and wait for hours to witness this magical event every year on the particular day that is also celebrated as Makar Sankranti. It is on this particular day that the dark interiors of the cave and the linga are illuminated by the rays of the bright sun for few moments every year.

Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple Has Many Demigods in The Same Premises:-

The temple may also stand as an example of how Indian culture may have diluted from a sophistication of thought and expertise in certain faculties of human knowledge to the primitiveness of ritualism and superstition. As such, the temple authorities continue to be reluctant to admit the findings of the research team, probably fearing the loss of the ‘divinity’ of the temple and the ‘fan-following’ they receive for the event of January 14th.
Towards the left of main entry, there is a splendid image of Shakti Ganapathi, which has 12 hands. You will find four monolith pillars at courtyard, which symbolize Damaru, Thrishula as well as two fans.
The temple as well has a rare idol of Agni, the fire god, probably the only one of its kind in the entire South India. The Idol of Agni is two headed, seven handed as well as three legs. It is believed that worshipping this deity will get rid of all eye related problems.
Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple is one of few temples in Bangalore dedicated to Shiva and it is visited by a large number of devotees during Makara Sankranthi and Maha Shivaratri.

The outer mantapa of the temple features fourteen pillars in Vijaya Nagara style, unique and beautiful granite structure like suryapanas, a trident dhamaruka.
The two Shikaras of the temple are said to have built during the period of Kempegowda, the founder of Bangalore.
There are two idols of Sage Gowthama and Baradwaja here who were said to have performed penance here.

Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple – Magic Created by the Sun:-
 
Every year on the 14th of January a rare and significant phenomenon takes place inside the inner sanctum of the temple. The rays of the setting sun on the western horizon shoot a beam of light that passes from under an arch on the western wall of the temple before moving towards the inner sanctum. It first lights the back of the statue of Nandi and passes over its horns and reaches the feet of the Shivalingam. Finally the beam of light illuminates the body of the Shivalingam.
This is a wonderful sight as the event is marked by continuous ringing of the bells and chanting of mantras by the priests and devotees. The lingam is bathed in milk by one of the priests during the entire period of the phenomenon. It seems as if the Sun is showing reverence of the Lord on the auspicious day.

A large crowd of thousands of people gather from far and near and wait for hours to witness this magical event every year on the particular day that is also celebrated as Makar Sankranti. It is on this particular day that the dark interiors of the cave and the lingam are illuminated by the rays of the bright sun for some moments every year.
Beliefs Surrounding the Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple in Bangalore
There are lots of beliefs and myths associated with the temple. It is believed that anyone who worships the idol of Agni (the God of fire) situated inside the temple will be cured of all eye defects.
Devotees also believe that there are two tunnels that extend from the inner sanctum of the temple. One of them proceeds towards the city of Varanasi in the northern part of India. The other extends up to another temple of Shiva with the same name, the Gangadhareshwara temple, located on the hill of Shivagange, about 10 miles from this temple.

Temple Timings:-

From 7am to 12-30pm and from 5pm to 8.30pm.

Festivals celebrated at the Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple:-

The Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple is known for its festivities, which reflect the true colors of South Indian culture and traditions.

Makar Sankranti festival:-

 Celebrated at the month of January, this festival is marked by the presence of thousands of devotees. The crowd is there to check out the amazing phenomenon, where the sunrays at the dusk pass through the horns of the stone idol of Nandi to fall directly on the Shiva Lingum inside the shrine. This phenomenon takes place between 5 pm and 6 pm.

Shivaratri Festival:-

 This is another important festival of the temple. Thousands of pilgrim line up in front of the temple to bathe Lord Shiva with milk at all the four phases of the day. The festival takes place every year in the month of February or March.

Poojas and Rituals at Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple:-

Devotees can witness unique customs and rituals of worship at the Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple.
•Besides the daily pooja, devotees can ask for special offerings.
•A curtain guards the passage of the temple during Mangal aarti.

How to Reach:- 

By Road:-

 National Highways NH 4, NH 7, and NH 48 connect Bangalore to some of India's major cities. The Kempegowda Bus Stand is the Central Bus Stand, with buses plying all over Karnataka and other states. Various State Transport Corporations and private bus operators conduct interstate bus services to Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Pondicherry and Goa.

By Rail:-

 Bangalore is well connected to the rest of the country both by meter gauge and broad gauge rail services. It is an important railway station on the southern railway network.

By Air:-

 Regular flights operate from Bangalore to prominent Indian cities. The airport houses booking offices of international airlines and there are direct international flights to Sharjah, Muscat and Singapore.

Ghati Subramanya Temple In Doddaballapura

                                                      Ghati Subramanya Temple

Ghati Subramanya kannada (ಘಾಟಿ ಸುಬ್ರಮಣ್ಯ )is an ancient Hindu temple, situated on the outskirts of Bangalore near Tubagere, Doddaballapura. It is 60 km from the city and is a popular pilgrimage centre. The uniqueness of this temple is that the prime deity Lord Karthikeya, is found together with Lord Narasimha. According to mythology, both idols are believed to have emerged from the earth. It is also an important centre in South India for snake worship. Special rituals are performed during Brahmarathotsava, i.e., on the day of Pushya shudda Shashti. Narasimha Jayanti is the other major festival celebrated here.

History Ghati Subramanya Temple:-

Subramanya lord is elder son of Shiva and Parvathi. Lord Ganesh is youger brother of lord Subramanya. Subramanya is considered as lord of Snakes. Subramanya is also known as Shanmuka.
Ghati Subramanya temple is considered to be one of the most famous pilgrim centres around Doddaballapur, Bangalore rural district. Ghati Subramanya temple is basically dedicated to Shri Subramanya and Shri Lakshmi Narasimha. Amazing and uniqueness of this temple is both the idols are in one stone, Whereas Sri Subrahmanya is facing east and Sri Lakshmi Narasimha is facing west. Lord Narasimha God can be viewed only in Mirror which is placed behind the Idol. The temple also has idols of Adi Shesha and Vasuki along with main lord Subramanya.
The lord Subramanya is placed on peacock in the main chamber. The mud from Red Ants is collected from main Chamber and distributed among the devotees. There is huge and high Single Pillar is placed right in front of main Temple, which is called as “Garuda Stamba”. Nominal fee is charged for poojas. For Special Darshan there is little extra fees is charged.

Ghati Subramanya temple is dedicated to Lord Subramanya and Lord Lakshmi Narasimha. It is said to be the idol of Lord subrahmanya was self originated, and then the Temple was built later. The peculiar thing about this temple is Lord Subrahmanya is facing east and Lord Lakshmi Narasimha is facing west, both Idols are in a single image. You can get blessings of Lord Lakshmi Narasimha by praying through a mirror placed inside to see both the idols together.

This popular, old temple attracts many visitors throughout Karnataka. There will be special poojas at the time of Special occasions like Brahmarathotsava, on the day of Pushya shudda Shashti.

The very famous, Temple Festival called Narasimha Jayanti is celebrated in grandly. Occasion of Marriage functions are also held in this temple,the delicious free lunch is also provided here daily, for all Lord Subramanya devotees.

Ghati Subramanya Temple(or) The Stala Purana and Kshetra Mahime:-

Ghati Subramanya Temple is situated in Doddaballapura Taluk, Bengaluru Rural District, around 60km from Bengaluru. Presiding deity of this temple is Lord Subramanya & another main Deity is Lord Lakshmi Narayana. An unique feature of the idol is both the Deities are carved onto the same Idol. Lord Subramanya as Seven Hooded Serpent, facing towards the Mahadwara (East) is directly visible as we enter the main temple area.  Lord Lakshmi Narayana facing west is on the opposite side of the Idol and Darshan of the Lord is through a Mirror placed inside the sanctum sanctorum. The head priest of the temple, SN Subba Shastrigalu in one of visits said that the temple is more than 600 years old. We were lucky enough during that visit to hear from him the legend associated to this temple (it was one of those rare less crowded days).
It was during the reign of Ghorpade clan of Sandur that the temple is believed to have been constructed and consecrated. The Ghorpades were very devout, and rulers of great virtues. Their family Deity was Lord Subramanya and the Sandur Kingdom was prosperous and the citizens were rich and happy.

A Betel Leaf trader during his travels from town to town peddling his wares used to regularly stop over in this place where he used to have his bath in Kumaratheertha (now Pushkarni, or the temple pond) have his food along the bank of this pond and used to rest on an idol witha tree above serving as shade for him. He used to hear a voice saying “rise, o rise, you are resting heavily on me” which he dismissed it away since it never appeared in his dream and passed it off as mischief of wind. One of the days the Lord appeared in his dream and tells him that he lives in about 20 Gajas (1 Gaja = 1 yard) and that his devotees live in Sandur. Tomorrow you will meet a learned Scholar, with whom you shall go and inform the king about my presence here. He will them come here and build a Temple and facilitate regular Puja rituals. Saying this the lord vanished away. He wakes up and finds the sun had already risen and goes to Kumaratheertha and after his ablutions, finds a Brahmin Scholar. He approaches him and tells him about the dream. Together they set out to Sandur to inform the king.

They appear before the king and introduces themselves as those coming from Ksheerasagara pura. They also inform him that around 2 miles into the forest from where they hail, Lord Kumaraswamy (Subramanya) has manifested who appeared in the dreams to pass on the message to the King to build a temple and arrange for regular worship. They requested the King to accompany them to this place and do the needful. The King thought that this was too small a task for him to leave all royal duties and travel to a place so far. He promises them enough monetary and other support and asks them to carry out the task themselves whereupon the Trader and Brahmin declines them saying, if we have to achieve this goal, we also have the wherewithal for it and not depend on you for support. Saying thus, they immediately leave the palace and begin their journey back to Ksheerasagarapura. Tired that they were, they decided to stay in a Brahmin house for the night and resume journey the next day.

The Lord then appears in the King’s dream in a Ugra roopa (fiery form) and curses that for dishonoring the instructions, the entire kingdom will now undergo tremendous hardships. The king immediately wakes up, begs pardon and early next morning sends out his guards in search of the trader and the Brahmin. The royal family then accompanies them to Ksheerasagarapura. They reach by around noon and begin searching for the idol in the temple. Specialty of this temple is that every rock and stone appears in the form of snake. After a long unsuccessful search they return back to the camp. The cooks then bring two big and two small rocks to create a stove for cooking. (The big rock now is part of the Main Idol of Lord Subramanya). After a while when the cook opens the lid to check if the ingredients have been cooked, he discovers to his horror that everything inside the container appeared bloodied. He was mortified with fear and rushes to the King to inform him about the same. On closer observation they also find openings of Anthills inside it and It was then decided that this indeed was the abode of Lord Subramanya.

The same evening, they also found amongst the cattle that was herded across this village, a particular cow on its return to its village, used to stand across this anthill and  automatically the udder started releasing milk into the anthill. Until this day, everyone in the village used to suspect the cowherd of having milked the cow and drinking all the milk. It was the same evening when elders of the village also came to test the boy and found this miraculous sight.


After the entourage retired for the night, the Lord appears in the King’s dreams and asks him to remove the anthill which would reveal the Lord along with Lakshmi Narayana. The next morning, they discover Lord Subramanya along with Lakshmi Narayana in the form of an idol. All the families assembled there together donates land and wealth and appoints the Brahmin as the main priest of the temple. Till this date, the main priest is form the same family.

Ghati Subramanya Temple Idol:-

The temple here is dedicated to Lord Subramanya and Lord Lakshmi Narasimha. It is believed that the idol of Shri subrahmanya is self originated. The uniqueness of the temple is, Sri Subrahmanya is facing east and Sri Lakshmi Narasimha is facing west in a single image. One can have darshan of Lord Narasimha through a mirror placed rear side.

This unique and ancient temple attracts many a pilgrims. Special pooja's will be performed the event of Brahmarathotsava, i.e., on the day of Pushya shudda Shashti. Narasimha Jayanti is other major festival celebrated here. Marriage functions are also held here.

It is Lord Murugan's temple and very much in tradition with the "Kukke" subramanya temple. Here you find him in the "Naga" avathar and all the "sarpa (snake) dosha" related poojas are performed here.

t is believed that the idols of the deities at Ghati Subramanya Temple are swayambhu idols, and the naga avatar can be seen of Lord Subramanya. People with sarpa dosha come here to be blessed by the Lord after offering him prayers and anominal fee. Many childless couples since ages have been visiting the temple for granting them their wish to bear children.

Architecture Of Ghati Subramanya Temple:-

As specified above, the style of architecture in this temple is Dravidian. No one knows how long the idols have stood there for, but the Sri Subramanya Temple is believed to be an ancient one. The idol of the Lord is said to be swayambhu, meaning self-originated and not created or sculpted by anyone else. A unique aspect about the temple is that while the sculpture of the Lord Subramanya is positioned towards the East, Lord Lakshmi Narasimha stands at the back of the same idol, facing the West.

The devotees obtain a darshan of Lord Lakshmi Narasimha by way of a strategically placed mirror. The temple is particularly special for those who seek the Lord to bless them with a child.

Sri Subramanya Temple – Religious Significance:-

The Pushya Suddha Shasti is one of the biggest festivals in this temple as this day is believed to be the birthday of Lord Subramanya. The other major festival in the temple is Narasimha Jayanthi. Skanda Shasti is also celebrated with a lot of fanfare as it is a special day for Lord Subramanya and Panghuni Uttiram, the wedding anniversary of the Lord, is also celebrated.

Vaikashi Vishakam is another special day to the presiding deity here. It is believed by the locals that the Lord is benevolent in his blessings to those who come seeking his blessings to find a compatible partner or to have a child.

About The Temple:-

Ghati Subramanya Temple has been built in the Dravidian style of temple architecture. Lord Subramanya is also known as Sanmukha and the elder son of Lord Shiva, and is the God of snakes. Scores of devotees visit the temple each day to get a glimpse of Lord Subramanya sitting on a peacock placed in the temple sanctum. The devotees and visitors can see the idol of Lord Subramanya with a seven-headed cobra made from a single stone. People offer their prayers and milk to a snake mound so as to appease the Gods. Snakes carved onto stones, also called Nagappa, can be seen under a huge Peepal tree and devotees pray for any favors they need at this spot.

Ghati Subramanya Temple Timings: -

Morning pooja at Ghati Subramanya Temple Starts at 7.30 am, if you reach at this time the crowd will be less. If you are interested to do Abisheakam
You should wait up to 10.30 am.

Events:-

In May:-

Narasimha Jayanthi or Pushya Suddha Sushti:-

This is the most important festival of this temple in celebration of Lord Subramanya’s birthday. Narasimha Jayanthi is the day celebrating the appearance of Lord Narasimha. He is said to have appeared in order to protect his devotee Prahlad from his father Hiranyakashyapu. Special poojas are held when thousands of devotees join in the celebration with drums, trumpets, horns etc. drawing the chariot.

In September - October:-

Brahmarathotsava Festival:-

Devotees come in great numbers to visit the temple during the Brahmarathotsava festival. It is celebrated with great pomp and show, with Lord Subramanya riding the Brahmaratha. It is believed that Lord Bhrama is the originator of this festival; he worshipped Lord Balaji on the banks of the River Pushkarini in Tamil Nadu thanking him for looking after mankind. For nine days during the festival thousands make way for the procession where the chariot is pulled by canes. These canes are a great matter of possession and pride once the Car Festival comes to an end.

In December:-

Cattle Fair:-

The cattle fair held here in December is very famous and ryots from neighboring states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Maharashtra as well as from many parts of Karnataka participate in it.

Festivals/Pujas:-

* Special puja's will be performed the event of Brahmarathotsava, i.e., on the day of Pushya shudda Shashti. Narasimha Jayanti is other major festival celebrated
Suneel Gudipati in front of Ghati Subramany templeSuneel Gudipati in front of Ghati Subramany temple
Suneel Gudipati in front of Ghati Subramany temple
here.
* Skanda Shashti, Vaikashi Vishakam and Narasimha Jayantiare major festivals celebrated here.
* Marriage functions are also held here.
* Free lunch is provided daily for the devotees.

Nearby Temples:-

Shri Shanimahatma Temple :-

 Shani also known as Shanishwara is considered to be one of the nine planets in Hindu astrology. This temple is located few kilometers away from bangalore in Nelamangala, this temple is dedicated to Lord Shanishwara, one of the planets in Hindu astrology and Shaniswara is an embodiement of Saturn.

Shri Veerabhadra Temple :-

 Located in Ramdurg Taluq of Karnataka, Shri Veerabhadra Temple is positioned in the Belgaum district. The Godachi Jatre which is a fair is held in the reputation of Shri Veerabhadra, the chief deity of the main temple. Veerabhadra was shaped by Lord Shiva to destroy Daksha’s Yagna. The temple is sculpted in a combined style of Vijayanagara and Chalukya architecture. The entrance is constructed in the Chalukyan style and the Garbhagraha or the sanctum replicates the Vijayanagara style of temple building. It is a popular believe that artisans and merchants from nearby village gather in this Godachi Jatre to display and sell their wares.Days of Amavasya and Poornima are of special significance here and thousands of pilgrims and visitors mark their presence in the temple on these ospicious occassions.

How to Reach:-

By Road:-

Ghati Subrahmanya it is about 60 kms from Bengaluru and has to be reached via Doddaballapur. You can reach Doddaballapur from Bengaluru Kempegowda Bus Station (Bengaluru Majestic). Direct buses are available but they are not frequent. Local transportation is available from Doddaballapur to Ghati Subrahmanya.
If you intend to use your own vehicle then, take the road which leads you to Devanahalli (New International airport). From there take a left turn which takes you to Doddaballapur. From Doddaballapur, it is about 10 kms.

By Rail:-

Nearest Railway station: Makali Durga on the Bengaluru - Guntakal line.

By Air:-

Nearest Airport: Devanahalli, Bengaluru. 

Hoysalaeswara Temple In Belur And Halebidu

                                                         Hoysalaeswara Temple

Halebid (also pronounced as Hale'beedu) literally means 'the old city'. Beedu also stands for layout or a place of human habitat. The Hoysalas ruled this city for about 150 years. Then it was sacked by the armies of Malik Kafur in the early 14th century, after which it fell into a state of disrepair and ignore.

 It is located on the banks of river Yagachi. According to inscriptions discovered here, Belur was also referred to as 'Velapuri'. Belur is known as Dakshina Varanasi or South Banaras for its temples. Though Belur and Halebidu and just 16 kms away, they are always referred to as Belur and Halebidu as if they are one. But indeed they are one in their grandeur of erstwhile era.

The temples of Belur and Halebid are best known for their south Indian architecture. The temples at both these places are built by renowned architect Jakkanna Acharya (Amarashilpi Jakanaacharya). The temples are carved with scripts of Hindu mythology. The 12th century temple at Belur has many figures known as Madanikas or dancers. It has many pillars of different designs. Later the capital was shifted to Dwarasamudram (Halebid).

Both these temples have carving of Puranas, the Upanishads and other mythological characters from the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. With these exquisite designs one loses himself in its beauty.

The 12th century Chennakesava Temple at Belur is the symbol of Hoysalas over the Cholas in the great battle of Talakadu. The exterior is covered with a variety of intricately-carved sculptures and friezes. The interior contains exquisite panels A tall stone pillar in the temple courtyard is balanced, amazingly, only by its centre of gravity.

The word Halebeedu means ‘ruined city’; earlier it was called as Dwarasamudra which meant ‘entrance to the ocean’. Halebeedu was the royal capital of the Hoysala Empire in the 12th century. It was during this period, many temples were constructed. Halebeedu’s fall began after it was invaded by the Delhi sultanate.
Tourist can see many prominent temples like Hoysaleswara temple, Shantaleshwara temple and Kedareshwara temple which had been built by Ketamala and dedicated to Vishnuvardhana, ruler of Hoysala Empire. The temples are named after the Vishnuvardhana Hoysala and his wife, Queen Shantala.
These temples are built out of Chloritic Schist, a soft stone which allows minute detailing work on the walls of the temple. The sculptures of the temple reveal the usage of ivory and sandalwood in the construction of these temples. The temples are often compared with the temples of Khajuraho because of the heavy carvings and magnificence.

Architecture Of Hoysalaeswara Temple:-

The remarkable structure of this temple has been acclaimed as a perfect exemplar of Hindu style of architecture. Its architecture is often regarded as the 'supreme climax of Indian architecture'. In the exteriors, many projections and recesses in the walls make the structure quite complex; in contrast to it, the interiors appear simple. The exterior walls of the temple have a splendid assortment of stone sculptures.

Hoysaleswara Temple is particularly known for its wall sculptures that are imprinted right from the outset of the outer wall. Opening with an image of dancing Ganesha on the left hand side of the south entrance, the series ends with a different image of Ganesha on the right hand side of the north entrance. The whole collection has not less than 240 images. The most complicated of all sculptures, are traceable in the beams, over two of the entryways, one on the southern entryway and other on the eastern entryway.

The interiors of the temple are quite plain except for the lathe turned pillars that dash in rows flanked by the north and south doorways. Making the forefront of the each shrine, the four pillars are the most elaborate having 'madanika' sculptures in their brackets. The massive temple has four porches serving as its doorways. Generally, only one porch is left open for entry that lies in the north.

The superstructure on the shrines is known as 'Sunakasi', which used to be a row of ornamented miniature roofs on top of the attics of the hall, are all gone astray. Even the towers of the shrines are not there. The temple was constructed at a height to grant adequate horizontal and vertical space to illustrate large and small sculptures.

Garuda Pillar :-

Garuda Stambha (Pillar) is an attention-grabbing structure of Hoysaleswara Temple. Garudas were known to be the selected bodyguards of the kings and queens. They used to live and move with the Royalty with the sole aim to defend their master. At the death of their master, they committed suicide. In the southern side, the pillar demonstrates heroes flanking knives and cutting their own heads. The inscription on the pillar commemorates Kuruva Lakshma (bodyguard of Veera Ballala II).


Importance of Halebid:-

Halebid temple statue of Ganesha The main attraction of Halebid is Hoysaleshwara temple. This temple has lord Hoysaleshwara and Lord Shantaleshwara. Plenty of sculptures have been carved on the outer wall and is the speciality of this temple. The Kedareshwara temple, this was built by Ballala - II and decorated with sculptures and panels in typical Hoysala style. Shrine on either side of Navaranga hall inside. The basement shows the rows of Elephants, Horse, Lion and an imaginary animal called Makara. Pushpagiri is situated 3 Kms nearer to Halebid. This has got temples of Lord Mallikarjuna, Lord Vishnu and Goddess Parvathi. These are all built during Vijayanagara period. Lord Chatteshwara temple in Chattachattanahalli which is 3 Kms from Halebid. Sri Ranganatha temple with the 6 ft statue of Lord Ranganatha with Brahma taking birth in the lotus at Nabhi (Navel) and Aridevi serving at his feet. Basadi halli (Jain Mandir) is very nearer to Hoysaleswara temple. Three jain temples Parswanathaswamy (14 ft height, made of black stone), Adinathaswamy (central mandir) and Shanthinathaswamy (located at east of Shanthinathaswamy) can be seen here.

About Ideal:-

Hoysaleswara Temple has two shrines, one dedicated to Hoysaleswara and another for Shantaleswara (named after Shantala Devi, queen of King Vishnuvardhana). Standing on a raised platform, the temple is made out of Chloritic Schist (Soapstone, also known as potstone). Both of the shrines are located next to each other, facing the east direction. The shrine comprises the Shiva lingam (phallic form of Lord Shiva), the universal symbol of Lord Shiva.
Besides the other shrines, there is one shrine that is dedicated to Lord Surya. Here, Sun God is depicted in the 7 ft tall image. The halls comprise huge images of Nandi, the attendant of Lord Shiva. Hoysaleswara Temple stands as a testimonial of the bygone era. The outstanding structure of the temple has been accredited for being the epitome of Hindu architecture.

History of Hoysaleswara Temple:-

It is known that the famous temple derived its name from the King Vishnuvardhana Hoysaleswara, who built the temple. A large amount of contribution was received from the Shaivas for the construction of the temple. It was built to compete with the Chennakesava temple which was under construction as a Vaishnava temple. The Hoysaleswara Temple is surrounded by ponds, mantapas and lakes. It is well known for the sculptures and architecture of Hoysala period.

This magnificent shrine dedicated to Lord Shiva is the largest and the best among Hoysala temples. Its construction was started in 1121, by “Ketumalla”, one of the officials of Vishnuvardhana and could be completed only by are more profusely carved. Even after working diligently for about a century, there are still some unfinished portions in this amazing edifice. The sculptural extravaganza has been lavishly praised by the experts, critics and common visitors. James Fergusson, an art and architecture expert known for being guarded with admiration was mesmerized by the beauty of the shrine. He remarks that the temple “may probably be considered as one of the most marvelous exhibitions of human labour to be found even in the patient east”. Percy Brown, an authority on Indian architecture wrote – “…this temples (Hoysaleswara)…is without exaggeration, one of the most remarkable monuments ever produced by the hand of man”. The complex consists of two identical temples, each with its own array of navranga and sukhanasi and Nandi mandapas. Both the sanctums have a characterstic star shaped ground plan and are set on a stone platform as seen in other Hoysala shrines. The temple on the northern side is named Shantaleshwara, after Shantala Devi, the beloved queen of Vishnuvardhana, while the southern side shrine is the Hoysaleswara temple. The two temple halls are joined by a common verandah creating a spacious columned interior. Thousands of intricately carved sculptures depicting scenes from the mythological epics Ramayana, Mahabharata, puranic legends, bheasts and beauties etc. adorn the temples walls. The horizontal and vertical friezes create a marvelous inerplay of light and shade. The lower portion of the temple are decorated with one of the most richly sculptured friezes whci run continuously along the wall. Above the friezes are larger figures of various mythological deities of Hindu pantheon. The upper portion of one wall has beautifully perforated screen, a hallmark of Hoysala art and exquisite figures of divinities set on pedestals with canopies. There are about thirty five thousand sculpted pieces in the shrine, noted for their breathtaking beauty, but the south doorway unrivalled for its filigree work is considered to be a master piece of delicate carving. The central figure portrays Lord Shiva with demon Andhakasur under his feet, while on the either side of the lintel are Hoysala motif depicting a man single – handedly fighting a tiger. Both the sanctums enshrine a east facing lingam, preceded by a Nandi bull, the celestial vehicle of Lord Shiva. Behind the nandi are the large figures of Lord Suryanarayan with seven horses and Arunadeva. The interiors of the temple are equally impressive with ornately carved pillars. The capitals of the pillars were once adorned with exquisite sculptures of voluptuous beauties known as Madanikas. But, now only one such figure has survived, while others are missing. The temple was restored recently, but it is no more active, as worship has been ceased here.

Significance of the Halebidu:-

The Hoysaleswara Temple and the Kedareswara Temple are popular tourist destinations of Halebidu. These temples are known for the intricate carvings which portray the golden age of Hoysala rule. Every sculpture is different from the other; the granular details of the postures are amazing.

The Temple complex consists of two Hindu temples, Hoysaleswara temple and the Kedareswara Temple and a Jain basadi, which has three temples within it.There is also an archaeological museum within the complex which helps you understand the importance of the sculptures and carvings of the shrines.
This archaeological museum was built in 1970 and consists of almost 1500 sculptures and inscriptions that have been recovered from the nearby places.Besides an enclosed gallery, there is also an open air museum, which displays an 18 feet image of a Tirthankara, Lord Krishna and Shiva in Tandava posture, Nataraja, Goddess Saraswati and dancing Ganesha.
These temples are constructed with soapstone.The walls of the Hoysaleswara temple are adorned with carvings of Hindu mythology, images of flora and fauna, dancers and shilabalikas. The temple is guarded by two monolith sculptures of Nandi the vahana of Lord Shiva, on each side.
The Jain basadi of the temple complex also exhibit fine sculptures, depicting the rich traditions and believes of Jainism.One of the Jain basadi is known as the Parshvanatha basadi. This basadi consists of a large sculpture of Lord Parshvanatha, which is 18 feet in height and made of black stone. A seven headed serpent over the head of the idol is considered to be guarding the deity.The 12 pillars of the Parshvanatha basadi are exquisitely carved out of a rock.

The Lakshmi Narayana idol of Hoysaleswara temple is famous due to its perfect carvings.
The outer walls of the Hoysaleswara temple are adorned with sculptures of various deities of Hindu mythology.
The entrance of the Hoysaleswara temple is also adorned with sculptures of decked up elephants in a battling mood. This sculpture represents the way of entertainment of ancient India, where elephant fights were common.
The Kedareswara Temple represents the Trikutchala layout.The Kedareswara Temple also consists of a life size sculpture of Nandi.The Ganesha sculpture of the Kedareswara Temple is erected outside the Kedareswara temple, which seems to guard the temple of Lord Shiva.The relief of Lord Vishnu at the Kedareswara temple is in a standing posture, flanked with images of goddesses on both sides.
The relief of Arjuna at the Kedareswara temple depicts excerpts from the great Indian epic, Mahabharata.The Kedareswara temple also exhibits different avatars of Lord Vishnu, like the Varaha and Bamana avatar.

Places Of Interest:-

Archaeological Museum:-

It is located in the landscaped garden in front of the Hoysaleswara temple and exhibits a rich collection of Hoysala sculptures.

Kedareswara Temple:-

It was built by Veerballala II and his younger queen Abhinava Ketala Devi in 1319. the shrine was described as a “Gem of Indian Architecture” by James Fergusson. According to an Indian critic – the temple “looked more like a divine piece of jewellery than a building made by mortals". The beautiful star shaped structure is set on a high platform in a quiet garden. The lower portion of the temple walls bear elaborately carved friezes depicting marching elephants, charging horses, lions, mythical beasts, swans and creeper scroll works. The upper parts of the wall have about 180 images of various gods an goddesses set under ornate arches. The profusely carved doorways, ceilings and pillars inside the shrine are noteworthy.

Basadi Halli (Jain Shrines):-

The three exquisite Jain shrines are set within a prakara to the south of Basadi Halli, not far from the Hoysaleswara temple. The temple dedicated to Jain tirthankar, Lord Parswanatha swamy is the most important. Other two shrines are dedicated to Shantinathaswamy and Adinathaswamy.

Sri Ranganatha Temple:-

It enshrines a magnificent image of Lord Ranganatha, reclining on the coil of a serpent. Lord Brahma is seated on the lotus emerging from the navel of Lord Ranganatha and Aridevi serving him at his feet.

Chennakesava Temple:-

 Located at Belur, this temple was built during the Hoysala rule. Dedicated to Lord Chennakesava, an incarnation of Lord Vishnu. This temple is known for its fine sculptures and intricate carvings.
Sri Veera Narayana Temple: Located at 12 km from Halebidu, this temple is another gem of Hoysala architecture. The temple is mythologically important as it is believed that Bheema, the second brother of the Pandava brothers of the Great Indian epic of Mahabharata defeated demon Bakasura. Built in the 13th century, this temple is dedicated to three incarnations of Lord Vishnu.

Shravanabelagola:-

A popular Jain pilgrimage, this historical site is located at 50 km from the Hassan district. It is famous for the tallest monolithic statue, a Bahubali statue of 58 feet made of granite.

Chamundeswari Temple:-

 Located at Mysore, the Chamundeswari Temple is dedicated to Goddess Durga. With various sculptures and a glorious history, this is one of the most beautiful temples of the state.

Ranganathaswamy Temple:-

 Situated at the Srirangapatna Island, this temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu. Within the massive temple complex of Ranganathaswamy Temple, there are precious relics exhibiting Hoysala and Vijaynagara architectural style.

The Mallikarjuna Temple:-

 This temple is dedicated to Lord Mallikarjuna and Goddess Parvati and is unique, being built by the Vijaynagara rulers using old materials.

Halebid Temple Timings:-

 07.00 am - 09.30 pm.

Halebid Temple Entry Charges:-

 Free Entrance

How to Reach Hoysaleswara Temple:-

By Air:-

The nearest airport is Bangalore and Mysore, from there one will have to reach the temple by road.

By Rail:-

The nearest railway station is located at Bangalore and Mysore and there are various trains running from Hassan to Mysore and Bangalore.

By Road:-

The temple is very close to Halebid and there are regular buses plying from Halebid to Hassan. One can easily take a bus or train to Hassan from Bangalore.

Significance Of Aswayuja Masam

                                                Aswayuja Masam

Aswayuja Masam is named after the star Ashwini. If the star during the Purnima of the month is Ashwini it is called as Aswayuja or Ashwayuja Masam. Aswayuja Masam is the seventh month as per the Telugu Calender and this month is glorified as “ESHA” in Vedas.

There are a lot of fetivals in Ashwayuja Masam. The most important being Dassera and Deepavali or Diwali. Aswayuja Masam is more important for the followers of Durga Devi. Ashwayuja Masam is the best to worship the Goddess Durga. In all the Shakti Temples worshipping of Mother Goddess Durga starts from the first day of Aswayuja Masam.

From Ashwayuja sukla Padyami to Ashwayuja Sukla Dasami the nine forms of Durga are worshipped. In Vaishnava temples Goddess Laxmi is worshipped in the famous Ashta Laxmi or eight Laxmi forms.
The Navami Vratam, Jaya Vyapti Vratam, Atla Taddi which is one of the important Vratam are in Aswayuja Masam.

Durga Devi Worshipped in Aaswayuja Maasam :-

Aaswayuja maasam is also pronounced as Aasweeja or Aasweena maasam. Aasaa/Aasee means Sthree (woman); Yuj/Yuja means added to/included. Worshiping the universal divine mother Goddess Shakthi (feminine energy) is exclusively added to the religious calendar of Aaswayuja maasam.

In Hindu philosophy the nature is said to be an embodiment of the universal divine mother. Devi sooktham describes divine mother as queen of the universe. Sri Lakshmi ashtottara sathanaama stothram eulogizes Goddess Lakshmi as Prakruthyai namaha. She is the nature. Universal Divine Mother Goddess with whatever name one may call (Durga; Lakshmi; Saraswathi); she is Maaya (illusion); she is Shakthi (divine energy) and she is Prakruthi (Nature).
Certain positions in the Nature have surfaced a point of level that can never be encroached upon and have to be recognized with due respect without any compromise. One such position is that of a Mother who is given a unique and sacred place that can never be filled by any other element of nature. She is depicted as an epitome of benevolence, love and affection.
The dictum says Maathru Devo Bhava; Mother is God; she is to be adored. We have many examples in Hindu Sanaatana Dharma where, several sages, devotees, great personalities and even the incarnations of Lord Vishnu have eulogized the paramount significance of this dictum which has not changed over ages.

We are kindly providing a list of Naivedhyams for Navaratri (as per the standard procedure):-
1. First day – Shailaputri NavaDurga is worshipped as Shree Kanaka Durga – Chalividi (fried rice), vadapappu (boiled Bengal grams), and payasam (sweet rice) naivedyam.
2. Second day – Brahmacharini NavaDurga is worshipped as Balatripura Sundari Devi – sweet boondi and chickpeas naivedyam.
3. Third day – Chandraghanta NavaDurga is worshipped as Gayatri Devi – Rava (wheat semolina) kesari and pulihora (sour rice/tamarind rice/lemon rice) naivedyam.
4. Fourth day - Kushmanda NavaDurga is worshipped as Annapurna Devi – Pongali (cooked sweet rice-dal) naivedyam.
5. Fifth day – Skanda Mata NavaDurga is worshipped as Lalitha Tripura Sundari Devi – Pulohorai/Pulihora (sour rice/tamarind rice/lemon rice) and Pesara boorelu (recipe of Green grams) naivedyam .
6. Sixth day – Katyayani NavaDurga is worshipped as Saraswati Devi – bellam Atukulu (beaten rice with jaggery), Senaga pappu (Bengal gram), and coconut are offered as naivedyam.
7. Seventh day – Kalaratri Mata is worshipped as Mahalakshmi Devi – Ksheerannam (rice boiled in milk), bellam (jaggery), and sugar are offered as naivedyam.
8. Eighth day – Mahagouri NavaDurga is worshipped as Sri Durga Devi – Garelu (Vedda) and lemon juice are offered.
9. Ninth day – Siddhidhatri NavaDurga is decorated and worshipped as Mahishasura Mardhini Devi – Chakra Pongali (pudding) is offered as naivedyam.
10. Tenth day – Durga Devi is worshipped as Sri Rajarajeshwari Devi – Pulihora and garelu are offered.

Lord Vishnu In Worshipped In Aaswayuja Maasam :-

 Lord Vishnu in the name Sri Padmanaabha is the governing Lord (Maasa Niyaamaka) of Aaswayuja maasam. Padmanaabha means the one who has a Lotus like navel; the one who has Lotus in the navel; the one whose navel in the form of a Lotus has given birth to the creation of the Universe and is its source. We find reference to the word Padmanaabha in sloka # 6; 38 and in the Dhyaana sloka of Sri Vishnu Sahasranaama Stothram (Saantaakaaram Bhujaga Sayanam Padmanaabham). Lord Vishnu resides not only in the lotus called universe (Brahmaanda Kamala) but also in our Hrudaya Kamala, i.e. in our heart of hearts.

Tirumala Bhramostavam In Aaswayuja Maasam :-

As per Hindu lunar calendar three major religious events occurs during Aaswayuja maasam; seventh one among lunar months. They are Tirumala Srivaari Navarathri Brahmotsavam at Tirumala Kshethra; Devi Navarathri festival popularly called Dasara and the month ending with another famous and popular festival among Hindus viz. Naraka Chaturdasi/Deepaavali the festival of lights.
During Aaswayuja maasam when Sun is transiting in Kanya Raasi (Virgo) Lord Venkateswara is worshipped through Brahmotsavam a unique car festival conducted at Tirumala Kshethra for nine days starting from Aaswayuja Sukla Prathama thithi. On parallel days Goddess Shakthi (Durga) is also worshipped across the country. This period of worshiping the Divine Energy is popularly known as Devi Navarathri or SharanNavarathri. We find such nine day (Navarathri) celebrations being held for Lord Sri Rama called Rama Navarathri; for Lord Ganesha called Ganesha Navarathri. Even the Brahmotsavam festival held at Tirumala for Lord Venkateshwara is also a nine day and night celebration.


Vijaya Dasami is also revered as Buddha Jayanthi, the day Lord Vishnu was born as Buddha. Aaswayuja maasam is the sacred month, Saint Sri Madhvacharya, the founder proponent of Dvaita (Tattvavaada) philosophy was born at Paajaka Kshethra near Udupi on the auspicious day of Vijaya Dasami that is celebrated as Madhva Jayanthi. Aaswayuja Bahula Trayodasi is reckoned as Dhanvanthari Jayanthi.
In the concept of Pithru Yagna, first lunar day of Aaswayuja maasam is earmarked for performing sacred rites to Mother’s father (Maatamaha) called Dauhithru Karthruka Maatamaha Sraaddha being performed by daughter’s son to his maternal grandfather. This is possible only when a person doesn't have sons but has daughter. This is an exceptional case where a person (Jeevat Pithru) performs ceremony when his father is alive.
Aaswayuja maasam is favourite month of Goddess Shakthi who is worshiped throughout the month in some form or other. Starting from the very first day the Divine Mother is also worshipped on several other days of the month apart from Devi Navarathri festival; viz. on Vijaya Dasami day as Goddess Aparaajitha; on the full Moon day Goddess Lakshmi is worshiped (Kojagara Vratha); on the day of Bahula Dwaadasi (12th day of the dark fortnight) as Go-Maata (Cow) called Govatsa Dwaadasi; on the day of Bahula Trayodasi, Goddess Ganga is worshiped (Jalapoorna Trayodasi); on the new moon day (Amaavaasya) Goddess Lakshmi is worshiped (Deepaavali) etc. apart from in various other names as per the local/regional customs and traditions.

Certain positions in the Nature have surfaced a point of level that can never be encroached upon and have to be recognized with due respect without any compromise. One such position is that of a Mother who is given a unique and sacred place that can never be filled by any other element of nature. She is depicted as an epitome of benevolence, love and affection.  The dictum says Maathru Devo Bhava; Mother is God; she is to be adored.  We have many examples in Hindu Sanaatana Dharma where, several sages, devotees, great personalities and even the incarnations of Lord Vishnu have eulogized the paramount significance of this dictum which has not changed over ages.
Aaswayuja maasam is also pronounced as Aasweeja or Aasweena maasam. Aasaa/Aasee means Sthree (woman); Yuj/Yuja means added to/included. Worshiping universal divine mother Goddess Shakthi (feminine energy) is exclusively added to the religious calendar of Aaswayuja maasam. In Hindu philosophy the nature is said to be an embodiment of the universal divine mother. Devi sooktham describes divine mother as queen of the universe. Sri Lakshmi ashtottara sathanaama stothram eulogizes Goddess Lakshmi as Prakruthyai namaha. She is the nature. Universal Divine Mother Goddess with whatever name one may call (Durga; Lakshmi; Saraswathi); She is Maaya (illusion); She is Shakthi (divine energy) and She is Prakruthi (Nature). 
It is befitting to call Aaswayuja maasam as the Divine Mother centric month dedicated to adoration of the mother of mothers the universal divine mother.

Sarvamangala Maangalye Sive Sarvaartha saadhike
Saranye Thrayambake Devi Naaraayani Namosthuthe.

Kedara Vrat In Aaswayuja Maasam :-

Kedara Vrat is observed on Bhadrapada Sukla Ashtami.  It is believed that Lord Parvati had obtained the half part of Lord Shiva by performing this Vrat.

The birthdays  of Sri Madhavacharya and Dhanvantri the doctor of Gods is in Ashwayuja Masam.
Pasankusa Ekadashi, Vishoka Dwadasi are also part of Aswayuja Masam. Pasankusa Ekadashi Vrat will help to overcome going to hell as it acts as a Ankush (an instrument used to control) on the Yama Pasham or the death rope. Hence it is known as Pasankusha (Pasa=rope, Ankusha=control) Ekadashi.
The Madana Dwadasi Vrat that is observed on Karthika Sudha Dwadasi, the initiation is done the Ashwayuja Sukla Ekadashi. This Vratam is good for happy married life for women.

Significance Of Jyeshtha Maasam

                                             Jyeshtha Maasam

Jyeshtha maasam is that the sacred month within which Sri Vishnu Paadodbhavi, holy watercourse Ganga (Ganges) had descended on earth because of the vigorous efforts and penance of King Bhagiratha. though hindu calendars indicate Jyeshta sukla Dasami because the day of Gangaavatharana that’s commemorated as Bhaagirathi Jayanthi or Ganga Jayanthi, Dharmasindhu indicates Jyeshta Sukla Dwaadasi because the day of Gangaavatharana.

A self-denial called Dasa Paapa Hara Vratham is ascertained throughout the primary 10 days of Jyeshtha maasam ranging from Sukla Prathama (Paadyami) and ending on Sukla Dasami. Throughout this era divinity Ganga is worshiped by taking tub within the holy watercourse Ganga early within the morning before sunrise. Those living in Kaasi Kshethra is needed to require tub in Ganga watercourse at Dasaaswamedha Ghaat and people are staying aloof from Ganga ought to take tub a minimum of in any near watercourse. If no river is obtainable one ought to take tub by recollecting the holy Ganga. On the tenth day Dasa paapa hara vratham is ascertained by solely worshiping divinity Ganga, giving charity to a minimum of 10 Brahmin couple and fitly honouring them with new garments at the side of Dakshina and feeding them. Charity of Thila (Black benny seeds), Wheat (Yava) and Go-daana are prescribed on these days.
Jyeshta maasam has a lot of significance in Hindu philosophy and is the third month in the hindu lunar calender. Purnima (Full Moon day) during Jyeshta masam is known as Mahaa Jyesti and Manvaadi, during this day moon comes nearer to the constellation of Jyesta star and hence this month is known as Jyeshta. Prime Deity of Jyeshta month is Lord Brahma.
During Jyeshta maasam we have Aaaraadhana festivals of Madhva Saints Sri Vaadeendra Theertharu (Mantralayam), Sri Sreepaada Raayaru (Mulabagalu) and Sri Vijayeendra Theertharu (Kumbhakonam).
 Jyeshta means elderly, most ancient, the oldest, senior most, supreme, eldest of all beings, the first and the foremost, who else, none other than Lord Vishnu. In Sri Vishnu Sahasra Naama Stothram sloka number 8 we find Lord Vishnu being referred to as Jyeshhtah Sreshhtah Prajaapatih. Lord Vishnu is the supreme Brahma who has created Chaturmukha Brahma the creator. That’s why Lord Vishnu is also referred to as Prajaapathih. He is the best (Sreshtah) among the best. Maasa Niyaamaka (governing Lord) of Jyeshta maasam is Lord Vishnu in the form of Trivikrama. It is a very popular name of Lord Vishnu that we come across in Vishnu related prayers and epics. Trivikramah means the one who has conquered the three worlds. In Sri Vaamana avathara, Lord Sri Vishnu in order to suppress the pride of King Bali, assumed the cosmic form Trivikrama roopa and measured the three worlds (entire universe) with his three steps.

In Sri Ganesha worship we find Lord Maha Ganapathi being referred to as Jyeshtaraajam the senior Lord that we come across in the popular Vedic sloka Ganaanaam Twaam Ganapathi Gam Havaamahey… In Sri Sooktham we come across reference to Jyeshta in sloka # 8 Jyeshtaam-alakshmeem, the one who is elder to, born prior to and who is just opposite of Goddess Lakshmi Devi.
Jyeshta maasam is the sacred month in which Sri Vishnu Paadodbhavi, holy river Ganga (Ganges) had descended on earth due to the vigorous efforts and penance of King Bhagiratha. Though religious calendars indicate Jyeshta sukla Dasami as the day of Gangaavatharana that is commemorated as Bhaagirathi Jayanthi or Ganga Jayanthi, Dharmasindhu indicates Jyeshta Sukla Dwaadasi as the day of Gangaavatharana.
An austerity known as Dasa Paapa Hara Vratham is observed during the first ten days of Jyeshta maasam starting from Sukla Prathama (Paadyami) and ending on Sukla Dasami.  During this period Goddess Ganga is worshiped by taking bath in the holy river Ganga early in the morning before sunrise. Those living in Kaasi Kshethra are required to take bath in Ganga River at Dasaaswamedha Ghaat and those who are staying away from Ganga should take bath at least in any nearby river.  If no river is available one should take bath by recollecting the holy Ganga.  On the tenth day Dasa paapa hara vratham is observed by exclusively worshipping Goddess Ganga, giving charity to at least ten Brahmin couple and suitably honouring them with new clothes along with Dakshina and feeding them. Charity of Thila (Black sesame seeds), Wheat (Yava) and Go-daana are also prescribed on this day.
If ten Yogas (strengths) are coinciding on the day of Jyeshta sukla Dasami it is considered as highly meritorious that can absolve one from committing ten ghastly sins. These ten strengths are ...
Jyeshta maasey, sithey pakshey, Dasamyaam, Budha-Hasthayo, Vyatheepaathey, GaraaNandey, Kanyaa-Chandrey, Vrushou-Ravey…
[Coinciding of Jyeshta maasam, sukla paksha (bright fortnight), Dasami thithi (tenth day), Budha Vaasare (Wednesday), Hastha star (constellation), Vyatheepaatha Yoga, Garaji karana, Aananda Yoga, Moon in Kanya (Virgo) raasi, and Sun in Vrushabha (Taurus) raasi].
             
 Nirjala Ekaadasi:-
                                          
Ekaadasi falling in sukla paksha of Jyeshta maasam is known as Nirjala Ekaadasi.  Nirjala means abstaining from taking water.  As per the norms of Ekaadasi, fasting should be observed on every Ekaadasi day without taking even water.  However, if total fasting is observed without taking even water at least on the day of Ekaadasi that occurs during the bright fortnight of Jyeshta maasam, the merits of it are believed to be equivalent to that of observing 24 Ekaadasis that generally occurs during a year. It is said that Sage Sri Vedavyaasa had explained the merits and significance of Nirjala Ekaadasi to Sri Dharma Raaja and Sri Bheemasena as per the directions of Lord Sri Krishna.
Full Moon day (Pournami) during Jyeshta maasam is reckoned as Manvaadi when Manvanthara had begun which is a sacred day for giving charity and for performing Pithru Thila tharpana (Shannavathi).  Charity of black Thil seeds (sesame) is prescribed on this day.  When Jupiter (Bruhaspathi) and Moon are together in Jyeshta constellation and Sun is in Rohini constellation on the day of Jyeshta Pournami it is referred to as Mahaa Jyeshti which is considered as highly meritorious day for performing sacred deeds like Theertha snaana (taking bath in a holy river) and for giving charity.

Jyeshta Pournami:-

Jyeshta Pournami is celebrated as Vata Saavithri Poornima when we observe married women performing special pooja rituals at the base of a Banyan tree (Vata Vruksha) for the good health and longevity of their spouse. There is also a tradition of performing this Vratha on Jyeshta Bahula Amaavaasya day. This vratham is assigned and named after Maha Pathivratha Shiromani, Savithri who fought with Yama Dharmaraja the Lord of death to bring back the life of her deceased husband Satyavanta.  Hence, it is known as Vata Saavithri Vratham. This festival is celebrated across the country by married women and in some parts of the country we observe women resorting to fasting on this day.
At Tirumala Sri Venkateswara Swamy temple an annual ritual known as Jyeshtaabhishekam is held during Jyeshta maasam for three days starting from Sukla Trayodasi. During this ritual gold plating of the Utsava Vigrahas (procession idols) of Malayappa Swamy (Lord Venkateswara), Sri Devi and Bhoo Devi will removed and all the pooja rituals will be held to the original idols.  Thereafter the idols are covered again with the gold plating.
   
During Jyeshta maasam we have Aaaraadhana festivals of Madhva Saints Sri Vaadeendra Theertharu (Mantralayam), Sri Sreepaada Raayaru (Mulabagalu) and Sri Vijayeendra Theertharu (Kumbhakonam).

The full moon day of the month of Jyeshta is known as JyeshtaPournima. On this particular day, Vatasavitri Vrat is observed by married women with the main objective of prolonging their married life just like how Goddess Savithiri did in her personal life.
The Hindu devotees give much importance to Savithri. Among the popular Goddess, one of the famous chaste women in Bharat is Savithri. She is largely considered as a role model by the women folk. She is also regarded as the perfect symbol of eternal married life.
In this vrat, the important Deities of the Vrat are Savithri along with Brahma is the main Deity. On the other hand, Satyavan, Narad and Yama are considered as the subordinate Deities. The Hindu devotees give much importance to banayan tree on this day because when Lord Yama directly took away the life of Satyavan, his beloved wife debated for nearly three days with Yama on this matter. Finally Yama was appeased with her and successfully brought back Satyavan to normal life. It is to be remembered that the entire discussion between Savithri and Yama took place under a banayan tree.
It is to be largely noted that the banyan tree lives on with time and survives even the direct and indirect dissolution of the Universe. It is to be remembered that a child named Mukunda slept on a banyan leaf during the dissolution of the Universe. Under the everlasting banyan tree in Prayag, Ram, Lakshman and Sita rested. This particular tree is the resting place for Madhav, Narasimha, Mahesh, Vishnu and Brahma.
Ganga Dussehra is celebrated as the avatarana or descent of the Ganges from heaven to earth. The day of the celebration, Ganga Dashahara, the dashami (tenth day) of the waxing moon of the Hindu calendar month Jyestha, brings throngs of bathers to the banks of the river. A soak in the Ganges on this day is said to rid the bather of ten sins (dasha = Sanskrit "ten"; hara = to destroy) or alternatively, ten lifetimes of sins.
Nirjala Ekadashi is celebrated on shukla paksha (waxing moon) ekadashi (11th day) of Jyeshtha. It is the most sacred and auspicious ekadashi among all 24 ekadashis in a year. One can attain the benefits of all 24 ekadashis by fasting on this day.
Vat Purnima is a celebration observed in Maharashtra and Karnataka, India. It is celebrated on the full moon day (the 15th) of the month of Jyeshtha on the Hindu Calendar, which falls in June on the Gregorian Calendar. Women pray for their husbands by tying threads around a banyan tree on this day. It honors Savitri, the legendary wife of Satyavan who escaped death for her husband's life.
Snana Yatra is a bathing festival celebrated on the Purnima (full moon day) of the Hindu month of Jyeshtha. It is an important festival of the Jagannath Cult. The deities Jagannath, Balabhadra, Subhadra, Sudarshan, and Madanmohan are brought out from the Jagannath Temple (Puri) and taken in a procession to the Snana Bedi. They are ceremonially bathed and decorated for a public audience.
Sitalsasthi Carnival is being conducted in this month on the day of Jyeshtha Shuddha Shashthi in Odisha for many centuries.
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Significance Of Vaishaka Masam

                                                       Vaishaka Masam

The greatness of vishaka masa was first put across by sage narada to king ambarisha..Vaishaka masam is said to be the most dearest to lord vishnu.If a person takes a holy bath in karthik masam they incur 10 times benefit than taking bath in other months, if a holy bath is taken during margarshira month they incur 100 times benefit, if taken during mag masam they incur 1000 times benefit, if taken during vaishaka masam the benefit occurred cannot be described in one's life time.
Just as there is no yuga equal to that of krta, there is no masam equal to that of vishaka for holy bath. For a period of 144 minutes from 4:000 am all the tirtha dieties enter into rivers, lakes, etc. as commanded by the lord. Their only sole purpose is to purify all the beings that take bath during that time.

A person who bathes in the morning during vaisaka masamam in any river or lake shall be liberated from the sins committed ever since the birth. If a person bathes in either one of the seven gangas namely ganga, budhi ganga, yamuna, sarasvathi, kaveri, narmada and krshna is liberated from sins acquired during crore of births.
One who donates water sheds to the needy during this month elevates a crore of the memebers of his fmily, and is honoured in abode of Vishnu.If cool water is given to disciplined brahmin oppressed by thirst; that act incurs the merit of more than thousand rajasuya yagans.If upon the request of a brahmin, a person gives a footware during this month, is born as a king during next birth.
As said earlier the greatness of vishaka month cannot be told completely, therefore a devtoee of vishnu, who with his control over their senses and food takes holy dip, spend most of their time chanting the Lord 's name and by giving charitable gifts during the vishaka masam is said to be very dear to Lord Vishnu.

Legend Of Vaishaka Masam :-

According to Narada muni, Kartika(Tulam-Vrischikam), Magha(Makaram-Kumbham) and Vaisakha(Medam-Idavam) are the finest months, but of these three, Vaisakha is supreme. Vaisakha has the capacity to remove the sins of past births and liberate the worshipper from worldly bondage. It is the best month for dharma, yagna, rituals and tapasya, as it is the most suitable compared to other seasons. Vasant (some write basant) or spring is conducive for worship for the common man ( householder) and during this time, from Meena to Karkata ( Pisces to Cancer) i.e. from Chaitra Sankranti to Shravana Sankranti, Vishnu roams the celestial woods and gardens with Rama. During Vaisakha, Vishnu tests his devotees, as those who sit idle during this month, without any puja or dAna, suffer a fall in dharma. The four purusharthas, namely, Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha are attainable with Vaisakhadharma, i.e., worship and rituals during this month will yield nothing less than the fruits of these highest goals. At a more mundane level, it grants ayu (longevity), yash (fame) and pushti (sustenance) and the unending blessings of Vishnu.
Vaisakha is the month par excellence for doing dAna (charity), yagna (fire sacrifice some write yajna), vrata (fasting ritual) and snan (bathing).

According to sacred scripts it is said that, Tretha Yuga had commenced on 3rd day of the bright fortnight (sukla Thrutheeya) in the Hindu lunar month Vaisakha Masam; Krutha Yuga on the 9th day of the bright fortnight (sukla Navami) in Kaartheeka Masam; Kali Yuga on 13th day of the dark fortnight (Trayodasi) in Bhaadrapada Masam and Dwaapara Yuga on the New Moon day (Bahula Amaavaasya) in Maagha Masam.
As per the above Time schedule Akshaya Thrutheeya can be assumed as the day when Tretha Yuga had commenced known as Tretha Yugaadi. It is also believed to be the day when one of the Kalpas’ had begun.

Auspicious Day:-

Akshaya Thrutheeya is the sacred day Lord Parashuraama (Lord Vishnu’s Avathara) was born celebrated as Sri Parashuraama Jayanthi.
According Simhachala Kshethra Mahatmya, Akshaya Trutheeya is the sacred and auspicious day; Lord Vishnu manifested in dual form (Varaaha + Naarasimha) at Simhachala Kshethra during Krutha Yuga.

Quote From Mahabharatam:-

In Mahabhaaratha, Lord Sri Krishna is said to have enlightened Dharmaraja about the significance of Akshaya Thrutheeya. Sacred scripts like Vishnu Purana; Bhavishyottara Purana are said to have described the prominence of Akshaya Thrutheeya.
Special celebrations are held at all Vishnu related temples on this sacred day of Akshaya Thrutheeya, also known as Maadhava Trutheeya occurring in the holy and meritorious month Vaisaakha maasam during Vasantha Ruthu. Vaisaakha maasam is also known as Maadhava maasam in the name of Lord Vishnu who is also known as Maadhava.
We find even the Brundavanas of Sri Raaghavendra Swamy including the Moola Brundavana at Mantralayam will be adorned with Chandana on the day of Akshaya Thrutheeya.

Change In Planetary Consetellation:-

Astrologically Akshaya Thrutheeya is the day the royal planets (luminaries) Sun and Moon will be in their signs of exaltation; Sun in Aries (Mesha Raasi) and Moon in Vrushabha Raasi (Taurus). If the day is also coinciding with Wednesday and Rohini constellation it is considered to be highly meritorious.

Customs & Traditions Of Akshaya Thrutheeya:-

(What is to be done on this day?)
On this auspicious day one should take head bath early in the morning. Taking bath in the river Ganges on this sacred day is said to be highly meritorious.
Giving Thila Tharpana to fore fathers is prescribed on this sacred day which is considered to be meritorious.
Lord Sri Maha Vishnu should be worshipped in the form of Sri Varaaha, Sri Lakshmi Naarasimha, Sri Krishna and Sri Lakshmi Naaraayana.
Worshiping Lord Sri Krishna with Chandana (sandalwood paste) on this day is given lot of significance and merits. It is said that, one who worships Lord Sri Krishna with Chandana on this day will attain Vishnu Loka.
Ya: karothi thruteeyaayaam Krushnam
Chandana Bhooshitham!
Vaisaakhasya sithe pakshe
sayaachyuta mandiram!!
Reciting Vishnu Sahasra Naama Stothram; stothras related to Lord Varaaha and Lord Lakshmi Naarasimha; on this day are prescribed.
Reading/Listening Sri Venkatesa Mahaatmya (Srinivasa Kalyaanam) Puraana for a week days starting from this day is highly meritorious.

Charity (Daanam) Of This Day:-

Giving charity on this auspicious day is given lot of significance; which is said to be highly sacred; celestial that will give multi-folded meritorious results. Though there are many types of charities that can be given; giving Udaka Kumbha Dana on this day is given lot of prominence.
Udaka means water, Kumbha means pot. Giving charity of water stored in a pot made up of Copper, Silver, or at least earthen pot (made up of mud) covered with a new cloth to a Brahmin on this auspicious day is said to be sacred and highly meritorious.
Yesha DharmaGhato Dhattoh Brahma Vishnu Sivathmaka
Asya Pradhanathsakalam mamasanthu manoratha
Meaning: Let this water pot called Dharma Ghata signifying the trinal lords (Brahma, Vishnu and Siva) bring unto me fulfillment of all desires. This can be given either in memory of fore fathers or to please the deities.
Apart from Udaka Kumbha Daana; giving charity of wheat; curd rice; umbrella; paada raksha (chappals); vasthra (clothes); Gho-Daana (cow), Bhoodana; Hiranya Daana (Gold/silver/Cash) on this day is considered to be sacred, punyadayaka which will produce multifold and everlasting (Akshaya) merits.
Yava homa, Yava Daana (charity), Yava Bhakshana is prescribed on this day that is highly sacred that helps in getting the sins diluted. Only one time meals is prescribed on this day.
Vaisakha Masam is considered as one of the most sacred months among the Hindu Lunar Months. According to Skandha Puraana; Krutha Yuga among the ages; Holy river Ganga (Ganges) water among the Theerthas; Jala Daana (donating water) among charities; and Vaisaakha maasam among the months are said to be the best.
It is the sacred month in which three of Lord Vishnu’s incarnations’ viz. Parashuraama (sukla Thrutheeya); Naarasimha (sukla Chaturdasi) and Kuurma (sukla Pournami) avatharas have taken place.

Akshaya Truteeya:-

Vaisaakha Sukla Trutheeya is celebrated as Akshaya Thrutheeya one of the most auspicious days in Hindu calendar. According to sacred scripts it is said to be the day Tretha Yuga had commenced reckoned as Tretha Yugaadi.

According Simhachala Kshethra Mahatmya, Vaisaakha maasam is the sacred month Lord Vishnu manifested in dual form (Varaaha + Naarasimha) at Simhachala Kshethra during Krutha Yuga.
Among the incarnations of Lord Vishnu; Naarasimha avathara has attained a rare significance and unique importance. All His avatharas are generally in a single form. But Nrusimha avathara is that of a dual form; Nara + Simha.
According to sacred scripts, Naarasimha-avathara occurred in Krutha Yuga during Vaisaakha maasam on the lunar day of sukla Chaturdasi in the constellation of Swathi during Pradosha time. To commemorate incarnation of Lord Naarasimha, special celebrations are held every year on this day called Nrusimha Jayanthi.
Vaisaakha maasam is the sacred month Lord Venkateswara (Sreenivaasa) married Goddess Padmavathi Devi on the auspicious day of Vaisaakha sukla Dasami according to Bhavishyottara Puraana. Commemorating this event a three day festival of Sri Sreenivaasa Kalyaanam is performed on this day at the sacred Tirumala hills.
At the famous temple of Sri Satyanarayana Swamy at Annavaram in Andhra Pradesh; Kalyaanotsavam celebrations are held on the sacred day of Vaisaakha Sukla Ekaadasi.
Electional astrology considers Vaisaakha maasam as one of the most auspicious months for performing auspicious ceremonies like marriage; upanayanam; gruha pravesa etc.
Seventh day in Vaisakha maasam (Sapthami) is known as Ganga Sapthami or Gangotpatti the day Holy Ganga came out of Sage Jahnu’s ear and thenceforth came to be known as Jaahnavi.
According to certain calendars it is the sacred month in which Lord Hanuman said to have born on Vaisaakha Bahula Dasami celebrated as Sri Hanuma Jayanthi on.
Vaisaakha Bahula Amaavaasya is celebrated as Sri Sanaischara Jayanthi the day Lord Shani Mahaatma (Saturn) was born.
Sri Badarinaath temple at the famous Badari Kshethra gets opened for public darshan during Vaisaakha maasam.
Full Moon day during Vaisaakha maasam is known as Mahaa Vaisaakhi when the Moon will be at or nearer to the constellation of Visaakha star and hence the name Vaisaakha maasam. Vaisaakha maasam is the month in which Sun’s transit into Vrushabha raasi takes place known as Vrushabha Sankramana.

Austerities-Customs & Traditions during Vaisakha maasam:-

Praathah Snaana (taking bath early morning) starting from Chaithra Sukla Pournami to Vaisaakha sukla Pournami; Thila tharpana and donating water (Udaka Kumbha daana) are prescribed during Vaisaakha maasam.
Worshiping Lord Vishnu with Krishna Thulasi; Chandana (sandalwood paste) during Vaisaakha maasam is considered as highly meritorious and mukthi daayaka.
Watering of Banyan tree; performing circumambulations around the Aswatta Vruksha; Go-Seva (caretaking of/service to cows) are some of the austerities recommended during Vaisaakha maasam considered to be meritorious.
Paaraayana (reading) or Listening or sponsoring of Sri Venkatesa Mahaatmya (Sreenivaasa Kalyaanam) starting from Akshaya Thrutheeya for a week days up to the sacred day of Vaisaakha Sukla Dasami is highly meritorious.
Performing or participating Sreenivaasa Kalyaanam on the day of Vaisaakha Sukla Dasami is highly meritorious.
Thila daana; Thila Snaana; Thila Homa; Thila-thyla Deepa Daana; Thila Tharpana are prescribed on the day of Vaisaakha Sukla Pournami.

Charities prescribed for Vaisaakha maasam:-

Vaisakha Masam is the most sacred and celestial month for giving charities. Among charities to be given during Vaisaakha maasam; donating water (Udaka Kumbha Daana) is given high prominence.
It can be given throughout the month and most important days for giving Udaka Kumbha daana are; on the day of Akshaya Thrutheeya; Vaisaakha Pournami; on the day of Vrushabha Sankramana;
Other charities prescribed for the month.
Apart from Udaka Kumbha Daana; charity of
wheat;
curdrice;
umbrella;
paadaraksha(chappals);
vasthra(clothes);
Gho-Daana(cow),
Bhoodana(donatingland);
HiranyaDaana(Gold/silver/Cash);
Honey;
are prescribed to be given during Vaisaakha maasam.
With so much of sanctity and auspiciousness assigned to the meritorious Vaisakha Masam; it is one of the most favourite months of Lord Sri Hari referred to as Maadhava Masam and Lord Vishnu known as Madhusuudana is the presiding Deity of this month.
We find a reference to the words Maadhava and Madhusuudana in sloka #8; 18; 78 of Sri Vishnu Sahasra Naama Stothram. Maadhava means one who is consort of Goddess Lakshmi Devi; one who is the bestower and Lord of superior knowledge.
Madhusuudana means the one who has killed the demon Madhu; one who is a great nourisher and who is as sweet and delicious as Honey; one who directs an individual towards performing good deeds, attaining true knowledge and the one who was born in the clan of King Madhu.

Cultural Beliefs:-

According to the skanda puranam, vaisakha masam is the best month. In this month the Lord Vishnu has three incarnations as Sage Parushurama, Lord Narasimha and kurma. It is also believed that treat  yuga is formed on sukla tritiya.
In simhachalam, Lord Vishnu is in the form of “Varaha Narasimha”, two forms varaha and Narasimha. Usually he will have only one form but in this month he is in two forms. Special celebration called “chandanavostavam” is performed every year on akshaya tritiya.
People believe that Lord Vishnu tests in this month and helps them to attain the aims of life (dharma, artha, kama and moksha) with following the rituals of vaisaka masam. This helps them to get good health and wealth. Good deeds such as poojas, yagna and homam have to be conducted.
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Pooja Procedure for Vaisakha Masam:-

    Daily wake up and do bath in the brahma muhurta time.
    Workship Lord Vishnu with Krishna Tulasi and sandalwood paste.
    Recite Sri Vishnu Sahasra Naama Stothram.
    Do parayanam of Srinivasa Kalyanam on Vaisaka Sukla Dasami.
    Read Vaiska puranam daily a chapter to know the details.
    Try to water a banyan tree and do pradakshina.
    Give service to cows.
    Donating water and Tila Tarpanam has to be done.

Significance:-

The important festivals of Vaisaka masam are
    Akshaya Tritiya or Parasurama Jayanthi: Akshay Tritiya comes on the third day of Vaisaka Masami e vaisaka sukla tritya. “Akshaya” is inexhaustible and “Tritiya” means third day. It is also called as Akha Teej. The day is very auspicious for starting new ventures, marriages, business, new constructions, investing, property, applying for jobs etc.
    Sri Padmavathi-Sreenivaasa Kalyaanam: This comes on the tenth day ie Vaisaka Sukla Dasami. SriVari Kalyanotsavam(Padmavathi Srinivasa Kalyanam) is performed.
    Sri Nrusimha Jayanthi: This comes on Vaisaka Sukla Chaturdasi. Lord Vishnu is incarnated as Lord Narasimha and killed King Hiranyakashyap to establish dharma and protect the mankind.
    Sri Sanaischara Jayanthi: This comes on Vaisaka Bahula Amaavaasya. Lord Shani was norn on this day.People effected by the Elinati shani, Ashtama Shani and who are under the shani dasha or antardasha has to do powerful prayer Sri Narasimha Stuthi to overcome the difficulties.
    Vaisaka saptami is known as Ganga saptami as the holy river Ganga came from the ears of sage jahnu.
    Full moon day of vaisaka masam is known as Maha Vaisakam because the moon will be near to the visakha Nakshatra(star) chitta so the masam is called as Vaisaka Masam.
 Interesting Facts:
    Performing charities is the good aspect in this masam.
    Donation of water, food and clothes are considered as the most frequent charities.
    Bathing in the brahma muhurtam time at the sacred rivers and worshiping Lord Vishnu.
    Observing Vishnu Pooja before sunrise will help to remove all the sins committed.
    During Vaisaka Masam in tirumula Srivari Kalyanotsavam and a special three day festival called as Padmavathi Srinivasa Kalyanam is performed.
    Preforming the kalyanam or participating is very much meritorious.
    Tila Daanam has to be done on Vaisaakha Sukla Pournami.
    Charities like food, water, clothes, chappals, umbrella, cow, Land,gold and silver and honey are prescribed.
    Donating water is given high preference from the month starting to till Vaisaka Sukla dasami.
 Scientific Reasons:
    Vishaka month comes in high Summer in India. Every where people face water scarcity and people suffer with heavy thirst. Here comes the tradition to save life's of living organisms in the name of charity.
    Water in rivers and sea will have many medicinal benefits.
    Bathing tightens the blood vessels and all the exhaust blood and the waste products.
    Doing charity will the people in need and some self-satisfaction and helps us to relive from stress.

Special Days in Vaisakha Month:-

Akshaya Tritiya is the most important day in Vaisakha month. Other important days of this month are Sree Shankara Jayanthi, Buddha Jayanthi (Vaisaka poornima), Subrahmanya Jayanti (Vaikasi Visakham), Narasimha Jayanti and Dattatreya Jayanti. The Vaisaka Festival of Kottiyoor Perumal Temple in Kannur district(Kerala) also begins in this month.

Akshaya Tritiya:-

Akshaye Tritiya, falling on the third day of the bright half of the lunar month of Vaisakha of the traditional Hindu calendar, is one of the four most auspicious days of the year for Hindus.
The word Akshaya, a Sanskrit word, literally means one that never diminishes, and the day is believed to bring good luck and success. It is widely celebrated in all parts of India by different sections of the society irrespective of their religious faith and social grouping. The day is particularly considered auspicious for buying long term assets like gold and silver, including ornaments made of the same; diamond and other precious stones; and the real estate. The legend states that any venture initiated on the auspicious day of Akshaya Tritiya shall continue to grow and bring prosperity. Hence, it is normal to see many of the new ventures, like starting a business, ground breaking for construction etc on the Akshaya Tritiya Day. According to Hindu mythology, on this day the Krita yuga began.

It is believed that by doing a good deed on this day one can earn Punya for life. Every minute of this day is considered sacred. It is considered to be one of the most auspicious days of the Vedic Calendar. Every moment on the Akshaya Tritiya day is auspicious and there is no need to look for a muhurat on the day.Hindus, Buddhists and Jains celebrate this day. It is believed that Satya Yuga (Krita yuga) and Treta Yuga started on this day. On this day the Sun and Moon are at their peak of brightness. Veda Vyaasa dictated and Lord Ganesha started to write the Mahabharata on this day.
New beginnings like weddings, business ventures, new deals, new audit books, business trips are considered to bring luck. Valuables bought on this day, such as gold is deemed auspicious. It is believed that gold multiplies if bought on this day. Akshaya Tritya is an occasion known for bringing communities together. The day is considered auspicious by Hindus and Jains for the purchase of gold, an expression that in some ways is indicative of wealth, beauty and joy. In Rajasthan, the day is called Aakha Teej and is considered very auspicious for weddings as well. With the mass media and marketing, this day has been taken over by marketers to promote sales and bookings for Gold jewellery, houses, consumer electronics.

Akshaya Tritiya, the third day of the bright-half of the lunar month of Vaisakha is considered as one of the most sacred days of the year. The word, "Akshaya" means one that never diminishes. Hence, starting a new activity or buying valuables on this day is considered to certainly bring luck and success. The religious merit that is acquired by giving gifts on this day becomes inexhaustible. Many buy new gold jewelry on this day. Most Jewel stores stock in new jewelry models for this occasion. "Lakshmi-inscribed" gold coins, diamond jewellery and golden dollars with the pictures of many gods and goddesses. The day is generally observed by fasting and worship Lord Vasudeva with rice grains. The day gains more importance when it falls on a Monday or under Rohini Star. A dip in the Ganges on this day is considered to be very auspicious. Akshaya Tritiya is also called Navanna Parvam. Akshaya Tritiya falling on a Rohini star day is considered more auspicious. Lord Kubera, considered to be the richest, is one amongst the Astadikpalakas. Lakshmi Tantram says that this Lord will himself pray to Goddess Lakshmi on this day.
The pujas we have to perform on Akshaya Tritiya include Kubera Lakshmi Puja. This puja has to be performed on this day only. The puja should commence in the morning and end in the evening. From the next day onwards, one has to perform the puja regularly for 108 times by reciting the moola mantra. A photo of Goddess Lakshmi Devi along with Sudarsana Kubera Yantra could be used for the puja. Light with pure ghee should be used. Also light dhoop sticks with Kumkum and turmeric can be used.
The day is generally observed by fasting and worship Lard Vasudeva with rice grains. The day gains more importance when it falls on a Monday or under Rohini Star. A dip in the Ganges on this day is considered to be very auspicious. Akshaya Tritiya is also called Navanna Parvam. This day also happens to be Balarama Jayanti. Akshaya Tritiya falling on a Rohini star day is considered more auspicious. Lord Kubera, considered to be the richest, is one amongst the Astadikpalakas. Lakshmi Tantram says that this Lord will himself pray to Goddess Lakshmi on this day. Most of us are already aware of Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha. Out of these, Artha plays an important role. Artha here means money. Even decades passes by, the importance of Artha remains the same. Without Artha, nothing can be achieved. Here Artha merely does not only mean money but also includes honour, happiness etc. " A child can survive without his mother but he cannot survive without Lakshmi" says Shri Devi Bhagavatha Maha Puranam.
Lord Surya gave Yudhishtira a bowl called Akshaya Patram (meaning inexhaustible vessel) on Akshaya Tritiya day. It was a wonderful vessel, which held a never-failing supply of food to the Pandavas every day. When the Pandavas began their exile in the forest, Yudhishtra was despondent at his inability to feed the holy sages and others who accompanied him. At this, Dhaumya, the priest of the Pandavas, counselled him to pray to Lord Surya. Pleased with Yudhishtira's prayers, Lord Surya blessed him with the Akshaya Patra, a vessel that would give unlimited food every day till Draupadi finished eating.Lord Krishna also once partakes food from the Akshaya Patra, when sage Durvasa arrived at the Pandavas' place with his disciples. When Durvasa arrived, there was no food left to serve him, since Draupadi had already finished eating. The Pandavas became anxious as to what they would feed such a venerable sage. While Durvasa and his disciples were away at the banks of the river bathing, Draupadi prayed to Lord Krishna for help. As always, they were once again saved by Him, who partook of a single grain of rice from the Akshaya Patra and announced that He was satisfied by the meal. This satiated the hunger of Durvasa and all his disciples too, as the satisfaction of Lord Krishna meant the satiation of the hunger of the whole Universe. Akshayapatra, in current usage, refers to any store that is inexhaustible. On Akshaya Tritiya the Pandavas unearthed weapons, which helped the latter to gain victory over the Gandharvas to save the Kauravas in Kamyaka Vana.
The Ganga river, the most holy and sacred river of India, descended to the earth from the heaven on Akshaya Trithiya day. There are several Hindu beliefs that give various versions of the birth of Ganga. According to one version, the sacred water in Brahma's Kamandalu (water-vessel) became personified as a maiden, Ganga. According to another (Vaishnavite) legend, Brahma had reverently washed the feet of Vishnu and collected this water in his Kamandalu. According to yet a third version, Ganga was the daughter of Himavan, king of the mountains, and his consort Mena; she was thus a sister of the goddess Parvati. Every version declares that she was raised in the heavens, under the tutelage of Brahma. Several years later, a king named Sagara magically acquired sixty thousand sons. One day, King Sagar performed a ritual of worship for the good of the kingdom]. One of the integral parts of the ritual was a horse, which was stolen by the jealous Indra. Sagara sent all his sons all over the earth to search for the horse. They found it in the nether-world (or Underworld) next to a meditating sage Kapila. Believing that the sage had stolen the horse, they hurled insults at him and caused his penance to be disturbed. The sage opened his eyes for the first time in several years, and looked at the sons of Sagara. With this glance, all sixty thousand were burnt to death. The souls of the sons of Sagara wandered as ghosts since their final rites had not been performed. When Bhagiratha, one of the descendants of Sagara, son of Dilip, learnt of this fate, he vowed to bring Ganga down to Earth so that her waters could cleanse their souls and release them to heaven. Bhagiratha prayed to Brahma that Ganga come down to Earth. Brahma agreed, and he ordered Ganga to go down to the Earth and then on to the nether regions so that the souls of Bhagiratha's ancestors would be able to go to heaven. Ganga felt that this was insulting and decided to sweep the whole earth away as she fell from the heavens. Alarmed, Bhagiratha prayed to Shiva that he break up Ganga's descent. Ganga arrogantly fell on Shiva's head. But Shiva calmly trapped her in his hair and let her out in small streams. The touch of Shiva further sanctified Ganga. As Ganga travelled to the nether-worlds, she created a different stream to remain on Earth to help purify unfortunate souls there. She is the only river to follow from all the three worlds - Swarga (heaven), Prithvi (earth) and, Patala (neitherworld or hell). Thus is called "Tripathagā" ( one who travels the three worlds) in Sanskrit language. Because of Bhagiratha's efforts Ganga descended on to earth and hence the river is also known as Bhagirathi, and the term "Bhagirath prayatna" is used to describe valiant efforts or difficult achievements.
Akshaya Trithiya is the wedding day of Goddess Madhura Meenakshi and Lord Sri Sundareswara. In order to answer the prayers of the second Pandya king Malayadwaja Pandya and his wife Kanchanamalai, Goddess Parvati appeared out of the Holy Fire of the Putra Kameshti Yagna performed by the king. According to another legend, the goddess herself had given a boon to Kanchanamalai in one of her previous births that she will have the privilege of mothering the goddess. This girl, who came out of the holy fire had three breasts, to the king's shock. A voice from the heavens told him not to worry and added that the third breast would vanish as soon as the girl meets her future husband. The happy king named the girl as 'Tadaatagai' and brought her up. The girl did not have any realization of her birth and she grew up as a normal human girl. Being the heir to the throne after Malayadwaja, Tadaatagai was trained carefully in all the 64 sastras (fields of sciences), which includes warfare, too. As the time came when Tadaatagai should be coronated, according to the customs, she had to wage war on the three worlds across eight directions (Digvijayam). After conquering Satyaloka (Lord Brahma's Abode), Vaikuntha (Lord Vishnu's Abode) and Amaravati (the Divine Abode of the Devas), she advanced to Kailasha (Lord Siva's Abode). She very easily defeated the Bhoota ganas and Nandoi (the celestial bull of Lord Siva) and headed to attack and conquer Siva. No sooner than she looked at Lord Siva, she was unable to fight and bowed her head down due to shyness; the third breast vanished immediately. Tadaatagai realized the reason and understood that Lord Siva is her destined husband. She also realized that she was the incarnation of Goddess Parvati. Both Lord Siva and Tadaathagai return to Madurai and the king arranged the coronation ceremony of his daughter, followed by her marriage with Lord Siva, the next day. The marriage was supposed to be the biggest event on earth, with the whole earth gathering near Madurai. Vishnu, the brother of Meenakshi presided over the marriage function and did the Kanya Dana.
Jagad Guru Sankaracarya during his Brahmacari Bhikshatana one day visited the house of a poor Brahmin lady, whose husband also went to the village for Bhiksha and nothing was available in the house to offer. She was very much upset and worried that she could not offer any thing to such a great person who came to her house. She earnestly searched for some thing to be given in her house. At last she found an Amla fruit (Nellikka - Emblic myrobalan). She was feeling very shy to offer but she gave it with all humility and respect in the bowl of Sankaracarya. Sri Sankaracarya was very much moved at the sight of the poverty, stricken woman and immediately in an extempore way started imploring Goddess Lakshmi to be merciful towards this poor Brahmin lady to drive away her poverty. He recited twenty two slokas in praise of Goddess Lakshmi Who was very much pleased and appeared (Satkshathkara) before Sankaracarya and asked for his cause and all of prayer. Sankaracarya pleaded her to grant riches to the Brahmin lady. Goddess Lakshmi said that this Brahmin lady did not qualify to get any riches in this life as she did not to do any charities in her previous life and carry consideration and she deserves sufferance and justified her stand of not confering any wealth on her. Sankaracarya while accepting her sand replied that in this life she gave him Amla fruit with very great reverence inspiteof not having any thing due toher extreme poverty and this act ofher alone will justify to shower riches on her. Hearing upon this Goddess Lakshmi was greatly moved and immensely pleased with the advocacy of the argument of Sri Sankaracarya and showered instantly golden rain of Amla fruits (Emblic myrobalan). Thus the stotra of Sankaracarya towards Goddess Lakshmi was sacred, famous and popular known as Kanakadhara Stotra. Bhagavatpada Sankaracarya’s Kanakadhara Stotra also called by him as Surarnadhara Stotra studded with Anugraha Bijakshar as aiming at Sri Lakshmi. This event happened on an Akshaya Trithiya Day and the home of that brahmin lady is now famous as Swarnathu Mana. Remembering this incident, Akshaya Tritiya Kanakadhara Yajnam is performed on this day at Kalady Sree Krishna Temple, the family temple of Jagadguru Adi Shankaracharya.

Akshaya Tritiya: Revealing the Importance of Daana Mahima:-

Akshaya Tritiya, commences on the third day of the bright half of the lunar month of Vaisakha of the traditional Hindu calendar. This day is considered as one among the four most auspicious days of the year for Hindus. Akshaya Tritiya is gaining much reputation during the past decade. It is alleged that gold multiplies if bought on this day. Highlighting this belief, the jewelries attract customers with vivid discount features and presents. Most of the people have only limited knowledge about this day, as they consider Akshaya Tritiya, the day for buying gold so that prosperity will come to them. The name implies that whatever endeavor we do in this day will become auspicious and perpetual.
The Sathyayuga( Kirtha yuga) begins on Akshaya Tritiya .The incarnation of Vishnu, Balarama, brother of SriKrishna incarnated on this day. MadhuraMeenakshi Devi and Sundaraswara Siva got married in the presence of Lord Vishnu in this day.During Akshaya Tritiya, Saint Bhageeratha , meditated to bring Ganga Devi to earth ,for attaining Mokhsa to the souls of Sagaraputhras, who were cursed by Kapila Maharshi.It is believed that in this day, Aadi Shankara ,recited Kanakadhaara Sthothram to create golden showers of Gooseberry for a poor Brahmin mother who gave Shankara a small berry fruit as Bhiksha. In North India , during this day any virtuous activities can be done without noting Muhoortha. Hence marriages and house warming ceremonies are celebrated more on Akshya Tritiya.
The Matsya Purana, Skanda Purana and Bhavishya Purana describes the importance of Akshya Tritiya emphasizing the Daana Mahima and Vishnu Pooja ,that to be done on this occasion.
In Matsya Purana chapter 65, Lord Mahadeva describes the importance of Akshaya Tritiya and Akshaya Tritheeya Vratha Vidhi. Lord Says - “Oh Narada, I will explain all the rules and procedures of Tritiya day so as to flourish all the noble wishes. You have to do Dana, Havana, and Japa so as to get immense and uncountable prosperity and whoever do Vratha and fasting, will be blessed with good results. Akshaya Tritiya with Karthika Nakshathra is considered to be a divine day. The Homa-Havana-Japa rituals done on this day is stated as Akshaya (eternal). Akshaya Santhana ( virtuous children) and Punya will be showered on to those who undergo Vratha on this day. In this day one should worship lord Vishnu with Akshatham (dry rice and Paddy grains). Hence the name Akshaya Tritiya orginates. The Padmapurana prohibits using Akshatham for Vishnu Woirship(nakshathairarchayeth vishnum - Padmapurana 6:16:20). Akshya Tritiya is the only day in which Akhsatham can be used for Vishnu Pooja. Rest of the days white gigelly must be used. On this day take bath in Akshatha mixed water, worship Vishnu idol using Akshatha, and with Akshatha, do Dana Karma for knowledgeable Bhrahmins. After that eat the Nivedya. Oh! Maharshi Narada, who ever human, following this rituals will be blessed with eternal providence. Whoever done this vratha once in a year gets equal benefits of doing all the Tritiya Vrathas all over the year. Whoever human worship Janardhana Swamy Vishnu during this day following all the rules and regulations of Akshaya Tritiya, will get the prosperity of Raajasooya Yaga and finally attain abode of Lord Vishnu.
The Uthara Parva chapters 30 to 33 of Bhavishya Maha Purana says the significance of Akshya Tritiya. Lord Sri Krishna describes the importance of Akshya Tritiya to King Yudhishtira. Sri Krishna says, “ Oh King Yudhishtira, listen to the story of Shukla paksha Tritiya of Vaishakha Month. Any Karma, Snana, Japa, Homa, Swadhyaya done on this day will become eternal. Sathya yuga has begun in this day. Hence this Thithi is also named as Kritha Yugaadi Tritiya. This day washes all the Papas and brings in endless peace and prosperity. You please hear a famous story about Akshaya Thritheeya.
In Shaakala city, there lived a merchant named Dharman, who was very truthful, righteous, and respectful towards Bhrahmanas, whom he worshipped too. He came to know about the importance of Akshaya Tritiya commencing along with Rohini Nakshathra and Wednesday; that whatever Dana made in this day will become eternal and prosperous. On that day, he bathed in Ganga River and paid homages to his forefathers. After that he offered Dana in the form of food, cloth, water, gold etc to Brahmins very piously. He completely believed in the significance of this date. After some years Dharman died and reborn as King of Kushavathi. Due to the Punya made in previous birth, the King received no scarcity for wealth and affluence, which was immensely showering on him. The King made many Danas, but his wealth didn’t decline and increased countless.
Oh King Yudhishtira , understand the result of Akshaya Tritiya as interminable. Now hear the Vratha Vidhi during this day. Offer Dana to those who deserve, in the form of food( with all the “rasa”), Jala Kumbha, various fruits, cows, land, clothes and gold. All these should be beloved to you also. Whatever Karma (deed) done in this day will not become terminated. That’s why Saints consider this day as “Akshaya Tritiya”
In the 23rd chapter of Skandapurana; Vaishnava khandam; Vaishakha mahaathmyam, Shruthadeva explains the importance of Akshaya Thritheeya.Whoever undergo Snaana (bath) during sun rise; worship Lord Vishnu and hear Bhagavan’s stories in this day will attain Moksha. And whoever does Dana karama on this occasion, will receive eternal prosperity for his deeds, under the supreme command of Lord Vishnu.
All these references from Puranas on Akshaya Tritiya portray the implication of Dana Karma. The Puranas advices not to buy your favorite items during this day, but to donate them so as to perceive eternal prosperity and peace.

Balarama Jayanti:-

The Vaisakha Shuklapaksha Tritiya or Akshay Tritiya is also traditionally celebrated as the birth day of, Lord Balarama or Sankharshana the eighth avatar (incarnation) of Lord Vishnu. He is also known as Halayudha and Balabhadra. Balarama is described as being physically very strong, in fact 'bala' in Sanskrit refers to 'strength'. Balarama is the elder brother of Lord Krishna. Also he is acknowledged as a manifestation of Anantha or Adishesha, the divine serpent on whom Vishnu rests. Balarama Jayanti is celebrated in many Balarama Temples in Kerala like Aluva Srikrishna Balarama Temple, Mazhoor Balarama Temple, Nenmini Balarama Temple and Balarama Shrine in Aranmula Parthasarathy Temple. Chant Balarama Sahasranama Stotra on this day.

Sree Sankara Jayanti:-

Vaisakha Shukla Paksha Panchami is the birth day of Jagadguru Adishankaracharya. Shankracharya was one of India's foremost philosophers. Shankara was born on Vaisakha Shukla Paksha Panchami in a Nampoothiri Brahmin family in 788 AD in a village named Kaladi on the banks of the river Poorna (now Periyar) in Eranakulam district of Kerala. His parents, Shivaguru and Aryamba, had been childless for a long time and the birth of Shankara was a joyous and blessed occasion for the couple. Legend has it that Aryamba had a vision of Lord Shiva and promised her that he would incarnate in the form of her first-born child on Vaisakha Shukla Paksha Panchami. Shankara Jayanti is celebrated with utmost fervor in Shankara Maths all over India. Shringeri Sharada Peetham in Karnataka, Shankar Math in Hyderabad, Kanchi Kamakoti Peetha in Kanchipuram are some places where the celebrations attract a large number of devotees. In Kerala Shankra Jayanti is celebrated at Vadakkunnatha Temple, Brahmaswom Madams, Kalady Sree Shankara Janmasthanam etc.

Narasimha Jayanti:-

Lord Narasimha ("man-lion") is the fourth incarnation (Avatara) of Lord Vishnu. He is worshipped in deity form by a significant number of Vaishnava groups throughout India (especially in the South) and is primariliy known as the 'Great Protector', being a form of Vishnu who specifically defends and protects his devotees in times of need. The most famous story regarding Narashima is described in the Bhagavata Purana : In his previous avatar (incvarnation) of (Varaha), Vishnu killed a rakshasa known as Hiranyaksha. Hiranyaksha's brother Hiranyakashipu, greatly angered by this, started to abhor Lord Vishnu and His followers. Further, he decides to put an end to Vishnu by gaining mystical powers through performance of a great penance for Brahma, the chief among the demigods (devas). Brahma, pleased with his austere penance, then appeared before Hiranyakashipu and granted him a boon. Hiranyakashipu asked for the following:That he would not die on Earth or in Space, nor in fire or water, neither during the day or at night, neither inside a building nor outside, not by a weapon of holding (i.e a sword) or throwing (i.e an arrow), nor by anyone created by Brahma. Thus being granted this boon, Hiranyakashipu then believed himself to be immortal and decided it was now time to avenge the death of his brother Hiranyaksha.
Meanwhile, while Hiranyakashipu had been performing his penance, the divine sage (rishi) called Narada protected Hiranyakashipu's wife Kayadhu after her home had been overtaken by a war party. While under the guidance of Narada, her unborn child (Hiranyakashipu's son) Prahlada, was affected by his transcendental instructions even at such a young stage of development (through the sound vibrations). Thus, Prahlada when born was gradually recognised as being a very devoted follower of Vishnu, much to his father's disappointment.As Prahlada grows in age, his father Hiranyakashipu becomes upset at his devotion to Vishnu, who he sees as his mortal enemy. Eventually his anger leads him to attempt to kill the boy Prahlada in many ways, but each time Prahlada is protected by Vishnu's mystical power. When asked, Prahlada refuses to acknowledge his father as the supreme lord of the universe and claims that Vishnu is omnipresent.
Finally in disgust Hiranyakashipu points to a particular pillar and asks if his Vishnu is in it? Prahlada answers, He was, He is and He will be. In an alternate version of the story, Prahlada answers He is in pillars, and he is in the least twig. Hiranyakashipu, unable to control his anger, smashes the pillar with his mace, and then following a tumultuous sound, Vishnu in the form of Narasimha appears from it and in defence of Prahlada moves to attack his father. In order to kill Hiranyakashipu and not upset the boon given by Brahma, the form of Narasimha was chosen. Hiranyakashipu could not be killed by human, deva or animal, Narasimha is neither one of these, as he is a form of Vishnu incarnate as a part-human, part-animal. He comes upon Hiranyakashipu at twilight (when it is neither day nor night) on the threshold of a courtyard (neither indoors nor out), and puts the demon on his lap (neither earth nor space). Using his nails (neither animate nor inanimate) as weapons, he disembowels and kills the demon. This day (Vaisakha Shukla Paksha Chathurdasi) is celebrated as Narasimha Jayanti.

Vaikasi Visakham - Subrahmanya Jayanti:-

Vaisakha Pournami (full moon day in Vaisakha month) is also famous as Vaikasi Vishakam or Vaigasi Vishakham. It is the birth day of Lord Subrahmnaya or Muruka. Vaikasi Visakam is a major festival observed in Lord Muruga temples. The asterism Visakam is the birth star of Lord Muruka. So Muruka is called Visaka.
Sati, the consort of Shiva immolated herself at Daksha Yaga, which was later destroyed by Shiva. Shakti was reborn as Uma, or Parvati the daughter of the mountain king Himavaan (the Himalayas). Shiva withdrew himself from the universe and engaged himself in yogic meditation in the Himalayas. In the meanwhile, the demon Surapadman ravaged the earth and tormented its beings. It was realized by the gods that only the son born of Shiva and Parvati could lead the gods to victory over Tarakasuran, Surapadman and their demon companions. They plotted with Kaama, the lord of desire, to shoot a flower arrow at Shiva, as he sat in meditation, so as to make him fall in love with Parvati. When Kaama aimed his arrow at Shiva, he opened his third eye and burned him to ashes instantly. Upon hearing the pleas of Kama's wife Rati, he brought back Kama to life, in flesh and blood for her sake, and in a formless state for others. The Devas manage to get Shiva married to Parvati (who was Dakshayani, reborn) by having Manmatha (also known as Kama), the god of love awaken him from his penance, incurring his wrath by opening his third eye of destruction, and being destroyed and resurrected. Shiva hands over his effulgence of the third eye used to destroy Manmatha to Agni, as he alone is capable of handling it till it becomes the desired offspring. But even Agni, tortured by its heat, hands it over to Ganga who in turn deposits it in a lake in a forest of reeds(Shara). The child is finally born in this forest(vana) on Vaisakha Pournami(Vaikasi Vishakam) day with six faces (hence Muruka is also called Shanmugha and Sharavanabhava). He was raised by the six Kartika damsels. He thus got the name Kartikeya. Worship Lord Muruka on vaikasi vishakam day.

Visakha Poornima (Vaisakha Pournami) - Buddha Pournami:-

Visakha Poornima (Vaisakha Pournami) - Buddha Pournami or Buddha Poornima, the principal annual ceremony for all the Buddhists, which falls on the full moon night in the month of Vaisakha commemorates the birth anniversary of Lord Buddha, founder of Buddhism. His life from birth, through marriage, renunciation, enlightenment to maha samadhi is fascinating. Even though he had left his mortal coil over two thousand five hundred years ago, the spirituality created by him has not diminished - it is timelessly ancient. Buddhists celebrate this day with prayer meets, sermons on the life of Gautama Buddha, religious discourses, continuous recitation of Buddhist scriptures, group meditation and processions, worship of the statue of Buddha.
In Hinduism, Lord Buddha is viewed as an Avatar or incarnation of Lord Vishnu. According to Bhagavata Purana, Buddha is the twenty-fourth of twenty-five avatars, prefiguring a forthcoming final incarnation (Kalki). Similarly, a number of Hindu traditions portray Buddha as the most recent (ninth) of ten principal avatars, known as the Daśāvatāra (Ten Incarnations of God). The Buddhist Dasharatha Jataka represents Rama as a previous incarnation of the Buddha as a Bodhisattva and supreme Dharma King of great wisdom. So hindus also worship Buddha on Buddha Poornima day.

Periyalvar's Jayanti:-

Vaiksakha or vaikasi Pournima is also Periyalvar's jayanti. Periyalvar was one among the 12 Alvars. The Alvars (alvar means "one immersed in God") were twelve Vaishnava saints, who during the early medieval period of Tamil history (between the seventh and the tenth centuries CE) helped to revive devotional Hinduism (bhakti) through their hymns of worship to Vishnu and his incarnations. Periyalvar was born into a Brahmin family in Srivilliputhur, near Madurai in the 6th or 9th century(conflicting reports) and was named Vishnuchittar meaning "one who has Vishnu in his mind". Legend says he rejected the vedic philosophical debates of his upbringing to focus on Bhakti, especially on doing simple tasks for God. He would make garlands of flowers for the deity of the temple. One day the Pallava king of the land had a competition between scholars to find one who would explain philosophical principles. Vishnuchittar won the competition by explaining that the path to moksha is by service to God. Legend goes that the king honored Vishnuchittar and God himself came down to earth to see this. Vishnuchittar composed a couplet called "pallandu"(also called Thirup-Palandu out of respect) translating to "Long live for many years, Long live for many years for Hundreds of thousands of years!" to God. This is a very important prayer in Srivaishnava liturgy today. Vishnuchittar composed some pasurams in the 4000 Divya Prabhandham called Perialvar Tirumozhi where he explores a devotee's love for God through the metaphor of Yashoda's motherly love for Krishna. He was the adopted father of Kodhai or Andal, the only woman alvar.

Dattatreya Jayanti:-

Dattatreya or Datta is the son of Sage Athri and Anasooya Devi. The name Dattatreya can be divided into two words - "Datta" (meaning given) and "Atreya" referring to the sage Atri, his physical father). Various Hindu sects worship him differently. In the Nath tradition, Dattatreya is recognized as an Avatar or incarnation of Shiva and as the Adi-Guru (First Teacher) of the Adinath Sampradaya of the Nathas. Although Dattatreya was at first a "Lord of Yoga" exhibiting distinctly Tantric traits, he was adapted and assimilated into the more devotional Vaishnavite cults; while still worshiped by millions of Hindus, he is approached more as a benevolent god than as a teacher of the highest essence of Indian thought. Dattatreya is credited as the author of the Tripura Rahasya given to Parasurama, a treatise on Advaita Vedanta. Dattatreya was born on Vaisakha Krishna Paksha Dasami day and is celebrated as Dattatreya Jayanti.
The sun is a natural giver, giving freely to one and all. Those born in Vaisakha are natural social reformers since they have an integral part of the sun within them. They stand out brilliantly in life, easily overshadowing others. Basaveshwara,Ramanujacharya, Adi Shankaracharya, Swami Chinmayananda and Gautam Buddha were born in this month . Thus, between Akshay Tritiya and Buddha Poornima, there is a celestial gathering and many Mahatmas are born. Almost all social reformers are born during this period and they believed in one thing, Change yourself. The world outside will change dramatically when you change yourself.     As the month is summer donating water to the needy helps them.

Shanishchara Jayanti :-

Shani Jayanti is considered to be the day on which Lord Shani was born or appeared on earth. This day is also known as Shanishchara Jayanti or Sani Jayanthi.

Lord Shani is one of the nine planets (Navagrahas) of Indian astrology. Navagrahas are the nine celestial deities in Hinduism. Lord Shani is also called as 'Shaneeswaran', 'Sani dev', 'Sanischara bhagwan' or 'Chaya Putra'. Lord Shani is the god of Shanivar (Saturday). Lord Shani is the son of Surya (Sun God) and his wife Chaya.

Shani Jayanti or Sani Jayanthi is observed on Amavasya (New moon day) in Vaishakh month or Vaisakha masam. This day is also observed as ‘Shani Amavasya’.

This year Shani Jayanti has immense impact and spiritual significance as apart from Amavasya, there is also a Solar Eclipse (Surya Grahan)!

The Hindu religious devotees can do ordinary prayers at Shani Temples or Navagraha Temples.They can visit Lord Ganesha termples as it is regarded as very fortunate.

It is to be noted that Shani Jayanti is celebrated in a grand manner in many temples such as all Navagraha Temples in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, Sri Kalahasti Navagraha Temple, Mandapalli Mandeshwara Swamy Temple, Wargal Shaneeshwara Temple in Medak district of Andhra Pradesh. It is to be remembered that Sani Jayanthi is the most important festival in Shani Shingnapur Shaneshwara Mandir. In these said temples, a lot of rites and rituals are performed on Shani Jayanthi day so all the devotees can participate in these activities.

The Hindu religious devotees can observe fasting on this particular day. They can do fasting as observed on a saturaday as Shanivar Vrat (Fast on Saturday). It is to be remembered that during Shani Trayodashi, Shani Amavasya and ‘Shani Jayanthi’ days the devotees can perform ‘Shani Shanti puja’ and ‘Shani Thailabhishekam’.

The devotees can perform Shani puja. This particular puja can be done by those who are having Shani dosham. They can also conduct Shani homam or yagya with the assistance of an acharya or purohit on these days. They can also indulge in Shani Shanti puja in order to solve the affect of Saturn in their horoscope. The devotees can fix the horse shoe ‘U’ shaped on the main entrance door of the house, wear the horse shoe ring on the middle finger and install Shani Taitisa and mala in the chapel.